Background There is an overwhelming body of evidence strongly suggesting that periodontal infection may have a significant negative impact on pregnancy outcome in some women. The aim of this study was to determine the association between periodontal disease and preterm low birth weight of babies.Materials and Methods A total of 300 pregnant women, between 20 and 24 weeks of gestation i.e., second trimester, were considered for the study. The periodontal status was recorded using the following parameters: probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, oral hygiene index and plaque index. After initial examination in the second trimester, the pregnant women were followed till delivery of the baby. Postpartum data i.e., weight of baby, gestational age of pregnancy and type of delivery, were recorded. Results Out of 300 pregnant women, 248 women had fullterm delivery (12 low birth weight and 236 normal birth weight) while 52 had preterm delivery (6 normal birth weight and 46 low birth weight). There was significant association between body mass index and level of periodontal disease severity of pregnant women with birth weight of babies, gestational age of pregnant women and mode of delivery, respectively. As the level of periodontal disease severity increased, the proportion of delivering preterm and low birth weight babies also increased.
Background: Little research is conducted in the safety of emergency contraceptives so the potential for developmental toxicity has not been evaluated.Methods: This hospital based descriptive study was conducted at tertiary care center, Krishna Hospital. Mothers who are diagnosed to have congenital birth defected fetus through antenatal examinations, delivered baby with diagnoses of congenital malformation, congenital malformed admitted neonates at Tertiary care hospital or came for reference services were assessed from September 2016 to August 2017.Results: The prevalence with number of birth, it is 1.4% and calculating with number of neonates admitted its prevalence rate is 5.3%. Overall in the hospital the prevalence noted is 0.2%. 283 mothers were diagnosed to have congenital malformation baby, among these, 264 (93.3%) mothers not had any history of birth control pills use and only 19 (6.7%) mothers stated that they used the birth control pills. Those used birth control pills in those 4 babies (1.4%) born with nervous system defects, 3 babies (1.1%) had cleft lip and cleft palate, and 2 (0.7%) babies had digestive system, musculoskeletal system and chromosomal abnormalities. Association between congenital malformation and history of Use of birth control pills shows strong association.Conclusions: The problem of conclusively proving a small increase in the incidence of rare abnormalities is very formidable. This may be due in part to the fact that the anomalies associated with hormonal contraceptives may occur primarily in those children who are predisposed genetically.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.