Due to its rust resistance properties, the use of stainless steels, especially SUS304 for industrial equipment is increasing. The manufacturing process that is often used is GMAW welding. One of the disadvantages of SUS304 is the occurrence of distortion and sensitization when welded. In this study, the effect of temperature variations of Static Thermal Tensioning on angle distortion and microstructure behavior due to GMAW welding of SUS 304 T-joint plates was studied. Heating by electric heater is given to both parts of the base metal plate SUS 304 5mm thick with temperature variations of 200 oC, 250 oC and 300 oC. Cooling water with a temperature of 24 oC is provided on the back side of the welded track. Welding using filler ER 304 with a diameter of 0.8 mm with welding parameters such as welding current, voltage, gas flow and travel speed controlled at 75 A, 22 V, 10 l/min and 8 mm/s, respectively. Angular distortion of welding results for each treatment temperature variation was measured using a bevel protractor, and perform metallographic test to knowing the microstructural behavior. The results of the measurement of the average angular distortion of three repetitions show that at a temperature of 250 C static thermal tensioning produces the smallest angular distortion of 3ᵒ70', compared to other temperature variations which produce angular distortion 4o45’ at 200 oC and 3o86' at temperature 300 oC. The findings of the largest Cr (carbide) deposits due to sensitization were found at a temperature of 300 oC at 16,49% and the lowest at a temperature of 200 oC at 7,05%
The study aims to observe the diffusion process which is influenced by different velocity and fluid concentrations. Using a microfluidic system and the diffusion process through a reverse osmosis membrane. The research was carried out by flowing fluid into the microchannel. The diffusion process is known by measuring and analyzing the density of liquid waste aquades-trimethylene glycol. The results showed the amount of diffusion through the membrane was influenced by flow velocity and fluid concentration. this is because the velocity of the flow produces pressure on the wall so that it pushes the fluid to diffuse through the membrane.
The quality of welding results is influenced by the shape of the microstructure of the welding material especially in the HAZ region. The shape of the welding microstructure is largely determined by the cooling rate of the weld material. The cooling rate of the weld is greatly influenced by the heat input from the arc and the ambient temperature. This study aimed to determine the effect of different environmental temperatures on the cooling rate of welding results. Welding of GMAW fillets on medium carbon steel plates S50C, with variations in welding currents 90 A, 100A and 110A and carried out at variations in environmental temperature of 15oC, 10oC and 5oC. Temperature data on the middle, welding part is taken with a digital thermometer to compare the effect of each variable. The test results show that the greater the welding current, the slower the cooling rate. Similarly, an increase in ambient temperature causes a decrease in the weld metal's cooling rate.
The problem faced is that the white chromium coating has a low selling value or aesthetic value than the black chromium layer which is more in demand, especially by the younger generation who prioritizes aesthetics. The purpose of the corrosion test was to determine the corrosion resistance ability of the black chromium coating resulting from the electroplating process on the relationship between the solution temperature and the immersion time of copper in a corrosive solution. Corrosion test methods include literature studies, field observations, weighing specimens, immersing specimens in corrosive solutions, weighing specimens, calculating corrosion rates, and data analyzing. Corrosion test results show that the higher the temperature of the solution and the longer the immersion time, the smaller the corrosion rate for the lowest conditions at 30oC and a duration of 5 minutes with a corrosion rate of 0.2004 mm/year and the highest conditions at a temperature of 50oC and a duration of 9 minutes at a rate of corrosion of 0.0108 mm/year.
One of the biggest problems in the metal welding process, especially for stainless steel, is the occurrence of large distortions. To reduce distortion during the welding process, it is recommended to provide secondary thermal like Static Thermal Tensioning. However, the provision of secondary thermal is allegedly able to decrease residual stress but reduce the corrosion resistance of stainless steel . In this study, variations in temperature of static thermal tensioning were applied during the GMAW process of SUS 304 plate. Furthermore, the results of the welding were made test specimens to determine the residual stress and corrosion rate of each temperature variation. The measurement of the residual stress using slitting method and measurements of the corrosion rate was carried out with the Autolab PGSTAT 204 potentiostat. The measurement results showed that residual stress of the welding results decrease along with the increase in the temperature of the Static Thermal Tensioning treatment where the treatment temperature of 200 ºC have highest residual stress at 113.79 MPa, followed by the treatment temperature of 250 ºC with 105.67 MPa value, and the lowest residual stress at temperature of 300 ºC with 77.82 MPa value. But, the corrosion rate value at the opposite way where the treatment temperature of 200 ºC produces the lowest corrosion rate, which is 0.70 mm/year, followed by the treatment temperature of 250 ºC of 0.99 mm/year and at a treatment temperature of 300 ºC with a corrosion rate of 1.27mm/year.
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