A numerical model for a lightning channel that includes a multigroup treatment of radiative transport was used to calculate the optical output corresponding to an assumed current waveform. The calculation compares well with the experimental data that are available. The time development of the temperature, pressure, density, and electrical conductivity profiles across the channel were investigated, as was the energy balance for the process.

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− Over the last few years, members of the electromagnetics community have used two types of models to investigate the differences in upset thresholds for multiple microsecond pulses compared to single or few shot short-pulse illuminations of complex electronic equipment. These models are: communication theory models and hybrid models. After reviewing and contrasting these models, we use a hybrid model to better understand failure modes in a SCADA trainer as a simple example. The model considers the type of failures seen in current injection testing of this SCADA. The purpose of the model is to introduce a methodology of predicting failure modes for complex infrastructure components.

Hill notes that the calculated energy loss rate for a lightning channel found in the original paper [Phys. Fluids 29, 2736 (1986)] is significantly smaller than the rate he obtained. This is explained primarily by his much smaller electrical conductivity. The value obtained in the original paper is justified and other features of the results are clarified.