A study was undertaken to investigate the antiinflammatory efficacy of methanol extract of aerial parts of Barleria lupulina Lindl. [MEBL] (Family: Acanthaceae) in acute and sub-acute inflammation models of albino rats. The MEBL in all the tested dose levels exhibited significant inhibition of carrageenin and serotonin induced paw oedema volumes when compared with the untreated (control) group. The MEBL also exerted a significant reduction in granuloma weight in the cotton pellet induced granuloma model. These potentials were comparable to that of the standard drug (indomethacin). The plant extract was also tested for its analgesic, ulcerogenic and antiperoxidative potential. The extract also demonstrated protection against CCl(4) induced lipid peroxidation and acetic acid induced writhing. Acute administration of MEBL (300 mg/kg) did not produce any gastric lesion in rats.
BackgroundA system that can deliver multi-drug at a prolonged rate is very important for the treatment of various chronic diseases such as diabetes, asthma and heart disease. Controlled porosity osmotic pump tablet (CPOP) system was designed to deliver Nifedipine (NP) and Metoprolol (MP) in a controlled manner up to 12 h. It was prepared by incorporating drugs in the core and coated with various types (PVP, PEG-400 and HPMC) and levels (30, 40 and 50% w/w of polymer) of pore former at a weight gain of 8, 12 & 15%.ResultsFormulation variables like type and level of pore former and percent weight gain of membrane was found to affect the drug release from the developed formulations. Drug release was inversely proportional to the membrane weight but directly related to the level of pore former. Burst strength of the exhausted shell was inversely proportional to the level of pore former, but directly affected by the membrane weight. Results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies showed the formation of pores in the membrane from where the drug release occurred. Dissolution models were applied to drug release data in order to establish the mechanism of drug release kinetics. In vitro release kinetics was subjected to superposition method to predict in vivo performance of the developed formulation.ConclusionThe developed osmotic system is effective in the multi-drug therapy of hypertension by delivering both drugs in a controlled manner.
Context: The approach for improving transdermal drug delivery is a technique called iontophoresis, a promising technology that has already received regulatory approval. Aims: The aim of the present investigation was to develop acyclovir (ACV) gel, which deliver drug through iontophoresis. Formulation variable was drug loading, current density, and hydrogen-ion concentration (pH). Factorial design was used to study the above variable with drug release at T95% as the response variable. Settings and Design: 2 3 factorial design was used to study the effect of pH, drug loading, and current density as independent variables, to T 95 % of drug release as dependent variables. Materials and Methods: The current settings were maintained at 0.5 mA. The silver wire was connected as anode at one side and silver chloride as cathode at other side. The resistor was fixed to control the flow of current from the equipment. ACV gel was prepared using Carbopol 934P. Ex vivo permeation study was conducted for 6 h in Franz diffusion cell using rat skin. Optimized formulation was analyzed for viscosity, flux, and in vivo animal study. Statistical Analysis Used: Numerical optimization carried out to find out the constrain variables. Contour plot and response surface were also studied for optimized one. Results: Two factorial interaction of independent variable with respect to dependent variable was analyzed by the kinetics of drug release. It was found that the drug release was controlled up to 6 h when variables used as pH 7.4, current input 0.5 mA, and drug loading 5% in the formulation. The Cmax and Tmax of in vivo study revealed 190 ng/ml at 6 h. Conclusions: It was found that the effectiveness of iontophoretic delivery from gel was largely affected by polarity and current density than drug loading. The optimized formulation gave desired release profile up to 6 h. Drug release kinetics seemed to be Korsmeyer-Peppas model (n = 0.875). Further in vivo study in animal model revealed the Cmax and Tmax reached the predicted time of delivery of drug without fluctuation in the plasma level.
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