On YouTube anti-smoking PSAs are widely viewed and uploaded; they also receive extensive commentary by viewers. This study examined whether such evaluative comments with or without uncivil expressions influence evaluations by subsequent viewers. Results showed PSAs with positive (i.e. anti-smoking) comments were perceived by smokers as more effective than PSAs with negative (pro smoking) comments. Smokers in the no comment condition gave the highest perceived effectiveness score to PSAs. Smokers’ readiness to quit smoking moderated the effect of comments on PSA evaluation. Smokers reading negative uncivil comments reported more negative attitude toward quitting and a lower level of perceived risk of smoking than those reading negative civil comments but positive civil and positive uncivil comments didn't elicit different responses.

Over the past decade the study of nonlinear optical processes in organic and polymer systems has enjoyed rapid and sustained growth. One indication of that growth is the increase in the number of articles published inrefereed society journals. The four-year period 1980–83 saw the publication of 124 such articles. For the four-year period a decade later the production of articles in the field had grown to 736—nearly a sixfold increase. In part, the rapid growth of the field can be attributed to the technological promise and interesting physical properties of these materials. Because of their large optical nonlinearities and mechanical, chemical, thermal and optical stability, organic nonlinear optical materials are the leading practical materials for fabricating optoelectronic devices. They also have proven to be excellent subjects in which to study many-body electron correlation effects and exotic states like polarons, excitons and even coherently propagating multiexciton strings.

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This study assesses the impact of character-audience similarity, a core aspect of tailored communication, on evaluation of anti-smoking public service announcements (PSAs). Smoker and persuader characters are distinguished to explore their different roles in message effectiveness. Daily adult smokers (n = 1,160) were exposed to four video PSAs randomly selected from a larger pool. Similarity scores were determined from matching in demographic (age, gender, race) and motivational factors (quitting status) between the audience and the PSA’s characters. Results show that PSAs featuring distinctive smoker and/or persuader characters yielded significantly higher message engagement and perceived effectiveness (PE) than PSAs without characters. Given the presence of characters, smoker-audience similarity was positively associated with the engagement, which in turn enhanced PE. Persuader-audience similarity failed to predict increases in either engagement or PE.

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The campaign increased engagement with evidence-informed cessation resources for teen smokers. Results show the potential of using multiple, online channels to help increase engagement with core resources.

An unprecedented acid- and ligand-controlled divergent allylation of indoles with unactivated skipped enynes via Pd hydride catalysis has been disclosed. This redox-neutral transformation went through multiple hydropalladation insertion, β-hydrogen elimination, π–σ–π isomerization, and allylic substitution steps. This method not only provides a platform for synthesizing indolenines and N-allylindoles but also allows facile access to functional 1,3-dienes with high atom and step economy.