n-ZnO nanofilm/p-Si micropillar heterostructure light-emitting diode (LED) arrays for white light emissions are achieved and the light emission intensity of LED array is enhanced by 120% under -0.05% compressive strains. These results indicate a promising approach to fabricate Si-based light-emitting components with high performances enhanced by the piezo-phototronic effect, with potential applications in touchpad technology, personalized signatures, smart skin, and silicon-based photonic integrated circuits.

Graphene was prepared via carbonization of microwave synthesized metal phthalocyanine, followed by a rapid cooling process. The morphology and structure of the obtained graphene were controlled by the coolants.

Purpose This study aimed to quantitative assess the fundus tessellated density (FTD) and associated factors on the basis of fundus photographs using artificial intelligence. Methods A detailed examination of 3468 individuals was performed. The proposed method for FTD measurements consists of image preprocessing, sample labeling, deep learning segmentation model, and FTD calculation. Fundus tessellation was extracted as region of interest and then the FTD could be obtained by calculating the average exposed choroid area of per unit area of fundus. Besides, univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis have been conducted for the statistical analysis. Results The mean FTD was 0.14 ± 0.08 (median, 0.13; range, 0–0.39). In multivariate analysis, FTD was significantly ( P < 0.001) associated with thinner subfoveal choroidal thickness, longer axial length, larger parapapillary atrophy, older age, male sex and lower body mass index. Correlation analysis suggested that the FTD increased by 33.1% ( r = 0.33, P < .001) for each decade of life. Besides, correlation analysis indicated the negative correlation between FTD and spherical equivalent (SE) in the myopia participants ( r = −0.25, P < 0.001), and no correlations between FTD and SE in the hypermetropia and emmetropic participants. Conclusions It is feasible and efficient to extract FTD information from fundus images by artificial intelligence–based imaging processing. FTD can be widely used in population screening as a new quantitative biomarker for the thickness of the subfoveal choroid. The association between FTD with pathological myopia and lower visual acuity warrants further investigation. Translational Relevance Artificial intelligence can extract valuable clinical biomarkers from fundus images and assist in population screening.

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Biomass gasification is regarded as one of the most promising energy recovery technologies for the widespread use of biomass. Mathematical models have been developed to understand this process in downdraft fixed beds using zero- and one-dimensional models, but only a limited number of two-dimensional (2D) models for downdraft fixed-bed reactors can be found in the literature. In this study, a 2D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to study the gasification process in a downdraft configuration, considering drying, pyrolysis, combustion, and gasification reactions. The gas and solid phases were resolved using an Euler–Euler multiphase approach, with exchange terms for the momentum, mass, and energy. The standard k–ε turbulence model was used in the gas phase. The model results were compared to existing data from a demonstration-scale fixed-bed downdraft gasifier. The simulation results exhibit a reasonable agreement with the experimental data. Parameter studies were performed on the basis of the developed model, which indicated that an external heat source for the high-temperature agent gasification (HTAG) technology using superheated air combined with steam resulted in a limited combustion need in the gasifier and produced syngas with a high H2 fraction and low tar content, which is environmentally preferable.

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ZnO microwires with hexagonal, dodecagonal, and circular cross sections were achieved by a micro-environment control vapor deposition method. Laser induced micro-photoluminescence spectra of single wires showed separated emission modes in the visible range, and in which the higher the number of sides in cross section for the ZnO MWs, the more resonant modes are induced. Theoretical calculations indicated the nature of resonant whispering-gallery modes, in agreement with the spectral and mapping profiles of these modes. The results demonstrated that the as-prepared ZnO MWs can be used as high-quality microresonators to produce whispering-gallery modes.