In vitro multiplication of Tapirira guianensis Aubl. (Anacardiaceae)Tapirira guianensis is of great medicinal, ecological and socio-economical importance occurring throughout the Brazilian territory. The objective of this study was to establish and determine the best conditions for the in vitro multiplication of T. guianensis. The explants nodal, cotyledonary and epicotyl segments from seedlings germinated in vitro were tested in diverse concentrations of 6-benzilaminopurine (BAP) and/or napthaleneacetic acid (NAA) in medium WPM. The following parameters were evaluated: the percentage of responsive explants, the number of shoots and buds, and the length of shoots and shoot dry mass at 30 and 60 days after inoculation. The cotyledonary segment, under these conditions, is the most suitable explant for the multiplication, with no induction of adventitious buds in epicotyl. The treatment with 1.0 mg L -1 BAP in the absence of NAA is the most responsive to the T. guianensis regeneration.Key words: medicinal woody, in vitro propagation, regeneration, direct organogenesis. Tapirira guianensis possui grande relevância medicinal, ecológica e socioeconômica, ocorrendo em todo o territó-rio brasileiro. O objetivo deste estudo foi estabelecer e determinar as melhores condições para a sua multiplicação in vitro. Os explantes, segmentos nodais, cotiledonares e epicótilos, oriundos de plântulas germinadas in vitro, foram testados em concentrações de 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) e, ou, ácido naftalenoacético (ANA), em meio de cultura WPM. As características avaliadas foram a percentagem de explantes responsivos, o número de brotos e de gemas, o comprimento dos brotos e a matéria seca da parte aérea, aos 30 e 60 dias após inoculação. Foi observado que o segmento cotiledonar, nas condições deste estudo, foi o explante mais indicado para a multiplicação, não havendo indução de brotos adventícios nos epicótilos. O tratamento com 1,0 mg L -1 de BAP na ausência de ANA é o mais responsivo para a regeneração de T. guianensis.Palavras-chave: lenhosa medicinal, propagação in vitro, regeneração, organogênese direta.

ABSTRACT: Slow-growth tissue culture allows in vitro conservation of plant genetic resources and is a complementary technique to conventional preservation methods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the culture medium supplemented with sucrose, mannitol and sorbitol osmotic agents on the induction of in vitro slow growth of A. cearensis, seeking to establish alternative techniques for ex situ conservation of the species. Plants with age of 10 days were inoculated in woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with different concentrations of sucrose (87.64, 131.46, 175.28 or 262.92 mM) combined with mannitol or sorbitol at varying concentrations (0.0, 43.8, 65.73, 87.64 or 131.46 mM), solidified with 0.7% agar. The following parameters were evaluated: survival percentage, number of senescent leaves, aerial part length, root length, aerial part dry mass, root dry mass; and number of shoots. The conservation of A. cearensis was viable for up to 300 days in WPM supplemented with 262.92 mM of sucrose or the combination of 87.64 mM of sucrose with 43.80 mM of mannitol, because besides achieving a survival percentage greater than 55.0%, the plants conserved in these media presented normal development and the best appearances, with predominance of uniform green leaves during the storage process.

RESUMO:Hyptis leucocephala e Hyptis platanifolia (Lamiaceae) são espécies aromáticas endêmicas do semiárido nordestino e possuem grande importância econômica devido ao seu potencial medicinal. O Palavras-chave: Meios de cultura, Estabelecimento in vitro, Esterilização química, Crescimento in vitro.ABSTRACT: In vitro germination of Hyptis leucocephala Mart. ex Benth. and Hyptis platanifolia Mart. ex Benth. The Hyptis leucocephala and Hyptis platanifolia (Lamiaceae) are aromatic species, endemic to the Brazilian Semiarid northeast, and they have great economic importance becaude of their pharmacological potential. This study aimed to obtain the protocol for the in vitro establishment of H. leucocephala and H. platanifolia plants. The WPM promoted higher germination percentage (96.81%) for H. leucocephala, but there was no difference between the results obtained in ½MS, in the last week of cultivation. For the germination of H. platanifolia, ½MS was the one that provided the highest percentage (40.83%). The type of sterilization did not affect the in vitro germination of both species. For the H. platanifolia species, when we closed the tubes with a cotton plug, hyperhydricity was eliminated, but the percentage of seed germination was the lowest one. Evaluating the type of culture medium on the in vitro growth of H. leucocephala, it did not influence the number of shoots, length of shoot or root dry matter. The MS medium promoted an increase of the number of leaves, dry shoot and longest root length, and the ½MS medium was more suitable for root induction. The optimal culture medium for the germination of H. leucocephala and H. platanifolia is ½MS, as it can be sterilized with sodium hypochlorite, while the MS was the best culture medium for the in vitro growth of H. leucocephala.

Resposta morfogênica de embriões zigóticos de Erythrina velutinaWilld. (Leguminosae) cultivados in vitro O cultivo in vitro de embriões zigóticos é uma técnica promissora para se avançar no estudo do desenvolvimento embrionário e da quebra da dormência de sementes. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o efeito dos reguladores vegetais 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) e ácido naftalenoacético (ANA) no potencial morfogenético, in vitro, de embriões zigóticos de mulungu. Embriões zigóticos maduros, oriundos de sementes foram utilizados inteiros, ou seccionados em plúmula, região intermediária e radícula, sendo posteriormente inoculados em meio de cultura WPM, suplementado com combinações de BAP (0,0; 2,0; 4,0; 8,0; 12,0 e 16,0 µM) e ANA (0,0; 1,0 e 2,0 µM), acrescido de 87,64 mM de sacarose e solidificado com 0,7% de ágar. Após 30 dias, avaliaram-se a percentagem de regeneração dos embriões e ápice plumular, o número de brotos, o número de folhas, o comprimento da parte aérea dos brotos, o número de raízes e a percentagem de formação de calos oriundos da região intermediária e da radícula. É possível a regeneração in vitro de mulungu, a partir dos explantes plúmula e embriões zigóticos inteiros, cultivados em meio de cultura WPM, suplementado com 4,0 µM de BAP. Regiões intermediárias e da radícula promoveram a formação de calos compactos (96,06%), na combinação de 10,63 µM BAP e 2,0 µM de ANA. Palavras Morphogenic response of zygotic embryos of Erythrina velutina Willd. (Leguminosae) cultivated in vitroThe in vitro culture of zygotic embryos represents a promising technique to study the embryonic development and dormancy in seeds. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of plant growth regulators, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and naphthalene acetic (NAA), in the morphogenetic potential of in vitro zygotic embryos of mulungu. Mature zygotic embryos from seeds were either used as a whole or sectioned in plumule, radicle and intermediate region, and subsequently inoculated in WPM medium supplemented with combinations of BAP (0.0, 2.0, 4, 0, 8.0, 12.0 and 16.0 µM) and NAA (0.0, 1.0 and 2.0 µM), added with 87.65 mM sucrose and 0.7% agar. After 30 days, the following parameters were evaluated: regeneration percentage of embryos and plumularapice, number

Erythrina velutina is native from the Caatinga domain, which has been heavily affected by the exploitation of natural resources. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the induction of buds from nodal segments of in vitro germinated plants, aiming at the conservation of E. velutina. In the experiment I, intact seeds and zygotic embryos were inoculated in WPM culture and the number of buds, leaves and roots, germination percentage, shoot length and percentage of normal plants were analyzed. In the experiment II, the nodal segments of plants from germination of zygotic embryos in vitro were inoculated in WPM culture supplemented with BAP and CIN [0.0, 10.0, 20.0, 30.0 and 40.0 µM] and percentage of responsive explants to form buds, number of shoots and leaves, shoot length and the percentage of callus formation were analyzed. The cultivation of zygotic embryos provided more vigorous and uniform plants, with more gems than those obtained from the germination of intact seeds. The concentration of 20 µM of BAP is indicated for the regeneration of plants from zygotic embryos of E. velutina; with this concentration, an average of 2.78 shoots/explant was obtained.

Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All. is a tree threatened with extinction, which has wood and medicinal potential. This study aimed to analyze the in vitro shoot regeneration in M. urundeuva, in order to increase the species multiplication. Two experiments were conducted: 1) concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 and 16.0 µM), in association with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0.0, 1.5 and 3.0 µM), in explants (cotyledon, hypocotyl and cotyledonary node); 2) concentrations of meta-topolin (mT) (0.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, 16.0 and 32.0 µM) in explants (biaxillary, medial uniaxillary and apical basal nodal segment). The percentage of explants responsive to shoot regeneration, percentage of callus explants, number of shoots and shoot length were evaluated. In the first experiment, the shoot regeneration occurred only in explants of the cotyledonary node and hypocotyl type, with the highest responsiveness percentage (76.67 %) and number of shoots (1.97 and 1.63) obtained for the cotyledonary node in the presence of 3.0 µM of NAA in association with 2.0 (1.97 shoots/explant) and 4.0 µM (1.63 shoots/explant) of mT. In the second experiment, the resolution of the obtained quadratic equation indicates that the use of basal explant with 24.59 µM of mT added to the culture medium leads to the highest number of shoots (1.86). However, despite the mT having increased the mean number of shoots, all treatments containing this cytokinin showed callus formation. As a conclusion, it is possible to regenerate shoots in M. urundeuva from the cotyledonary node using BAP in association with NAA.