The aim of this study was to investigate the wound healing effects of clove oil (CO) via its encapsulation into nanoemulsion. Optimized nanoemulsion (droplet size of 29.10 nm) was selected for wound healing investigation, collagen determination, and histopathological examination in rats. Optimized nanoemulsion presented significant would healing effects in rats as compared to pure CO. Nanoemulsion also presented significant enhancement in leucine content (0.61 mg/g) as compared to pure CO (0.50 mg/g) and negative control (0.31 mg/g). Histopathology of nanoemulsion treated rats showed no signs of inflammatory cells. These results suggested that nanoemulsion of CO was safe and nontoxic.
Temperature-dependent solubility
data of bioactive compound hesperidin
has not been reported in any solvent in the literature so far. Therefore,
the aim of the current study was to measure the solubility of bioactive
compound hesperidin in six different pure solvents namely water, ethanol,
isopropyl alcohol (IPA), propylene glycol (PG), poly(ethylene glycol)-400
(PEG-400), and 1-butanol from (298.15 to 333.15) K using the shake
flask method. The experimental solubilities of hesperidin were regressed
by Apelblat equation with root-mean-square deviations in the range
of 6.32·10–7 to 0.184 in all solvents investigated.
The correlation coefficients in pure solvents were observed in the
range of 0.995 to 0.999. The mole fraction solubility of hesperidin
was found to be higher in PEG-400 (6.33·10–3 at 298.15 K) and PG (5.35·10–4 at 298.15
K) as compared to water (1.47·10–7 at 298.15
K), ethanol (3.45·10–5 at 298.15 K), IPA (1.53·10–5 at 298.15 K), and 1-butanol (3.15·10–4 at 298.15 K). The data of the current study could be useful in crystallization/purification
and formulation development of hesperidin in the chemical/pharmaceutical
industry.
A literature survey revealed no suitable “reversed phase-high performance thin layer chromatography (RP-HPTLC)” method for the analysis of rivaroxaban in nanoparticle (NP) formulations.
The objective of this investigation was to develop nanoemulsion formulations of Eucalyptus essential oil (EEO) and to evaluate its wound healing effects in comparison with standard gentamycin in rat model. Various nanoemulsionns of EEO were prepared using aqueous phase titration method and the zones of nanoemulsion were identified by the construction of phase diagrams. EEO nanoemulsions were investigated in terms of physical stability, self-nanoemulsification efficiency and physicochemical characterization. Optimized nanoemulsion of EEO was selected for wound healing study, collagen estimation and histopathological evaluation in rats in comparison with pure EEO and standard gentamycin. Optimized nanoemulsion presented significant would healing activity in rats as compared with pure EEO upon oral administration. The wound healing activity of optimized nanoemulsion was comparable with standard gentamycin. Optimized EEO nanoemulsion also presented significant enhancement in collagen content as compared with pure EEO and negative control. However, the collagen contents of optimized nanoemulsion treated animals were comparable with standard gentamycin-treated animals. Histopathological studies of optimized nanoemulsion treated rats showed no signs of inflammatory cells which suggested the safety and non-toxicity of EEO nanoemulsion. This study suggested the potential of nanoemulsion in enhancing the wound healing activity of EEO upon oral administration.
The objective of this work was to characterize and evaluate wound healing potential of Piper cubeba oil (PO) via selfnanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) in comparison with standard gentamycin. PO loaded SNEDDS was prepared by low energy emulsification technique and characterized for thermodynamic stability, self-emulsification power and various physico-chemical parameters. An optimal formula of PO SNEDDS was subjected to wound healing evaluation, collagen determination and histomorphological examination in female Wistar rats as compared with pure PO and standard antibiotic/gentamycin. An optimal formula of PO SNEDDS showed significant wound healing effects in Wistar female rats in comparison with pure PO. However, wound healing effects of optimized SNEDDS were comparable with standard gentamycin. An optimized formulation also indicated significant enhancement in collagen content (0.82 mg/g) in comparison with pure PO (0.53 mg/g) and negative control (0.33 mg/g). While, the collagen content of SNEDDS (0.82 mg/g) treated rats were comparable with standard gentamycin treated animals (0.98 mg/g). Histopathological examinations of optimized SNEDDS treated animals showed no signs of inflammatory cells which indicated that prepared SNEDDS was safe and nontoxic to rats. The results obtained in this work showed the potential application of SNEDDS in enhancement of the wound healing activity of PO upon oral administration.
The phytochemical investigation of the stem bark of Tinospora cordifolia Miers (Menispermaceae) has afforded four new compounds, named tinosporafuranol, tinosporafurandiol, tinosporaclerodanol, and tinosporaclerodanoid, along with beta-sitosterol, and their stereostructures have been elucidated correspondingly as 4-seco-cleroda-19-ol-13-furanoid, 4-seco-cleroda-6-en-18,19-diol-13-furanoid, cleroda-1(10)-en-6beta-ol and cleroda-1-one-2-en-11beta,15,16,18-tetraol-12,19-olide on the basis of spectral data analyses and chemical reactions.
Luteolin (LUT) is a natural pharmaceutical compound that is weakly water soluble and has low bioavailability when taken orally. As a result, the goal of this research was to create self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) for LUT in an attempt to improve its in vitro dissolution and hepatoprotective effects, resulting in increased oral bioavailability. Using the aqueous phase titration approach and the creation of pseudo-ternary phase diagrams with Capryol-PGMC (oil phase), Tween-80 (surfactant), and Transcutol-HP (co-emulsifier), various SNEDDS of LUT were generated. SNEDDS were assessed for droplet size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), refractive index (RI), and percent of transmittance (percent T) after undergoing several thermodynamic stability and self-nanoemulsification experiments. When compared to LUT suspension, the developed SNEDDS revealed considerable LUT release from all SNEDDS. Droplet size was 40 nm, PDI was <0.3, ZP was −30.58 mV, RI was 1.40, percent T was >98 percent, and drug release profile was >96 percent in optimized SNEDDS of LUT. For in vivo hepatoprotective testing in rats, optimized SNEDDS was chosen. When compared to LUT suspension, hepatoprotective tests showed that optimized LUT SNEDDS had a substantial hepatoprotective impact. The findings of this investigation suggested that SNEDDS could improve bioflavonoid LUT dissolution rate and therapeutic efficacy.
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