Calcium channel blockers are commonly used drugs for cardiovascular conditions like Hypertension, Angina Pectoris and Arrythmias. Effect of these drugs on other systems, on long term usage is not given importance. We present a case report of Hypothyroidism caused by long term usage of Amlodipine, a rarely identified adverse drug reaction caused by Calcium channel blockers.
Acyclovir, anti-viral drug rarely causes Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). Steven Johnson syndrome is a rare, life threatening disorder characterized by skin condition with bullous formation, ocular lesions, genital and anal lesions/ulcers. It's usually a reaction to a medication or an infection. Often Steven Johnson syndrome begins with flu-like symptoms followed by a painful red or purplish rash that spreads and blisters. Then the top layer of the affected skin dies and sheds. This case report is about a 40 year old male patient who came to the medicine outpatient department with blisters on palms and soles and characteristic hemorrhagic crusting of mouth and lips. Initial diagnosis of Steven Johnson Syndrome was made and treated with steroids. Eruption usually healed without sequelae.
Background: Besides unparalleled advantages, exceptionally dynamic antiretroviral treatment is additionally connected with extensive variety of potential adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which prevents treatment adherence. The present study is intended to screen and monitor the event of ADRs to different antiretroviral treatment (ART) regimens in a tertiary care ART setup.Methods: A prospective, longitudinal observational study was done in the outpatient setting of nodal ART center, Osmania General Hospital. A sum of 525 patients on different ART regimens were examined for ADRs more than year and a half. Adverse event history, prescription history and other significant subtle elements were captured. Causality and seriousness of each announced ADR were surveyed.Results: 37.33% patients of aggregate members gave a sum of 330 ADRs. Patients from zidovudine-based regimens presented with majority of ADRs such as anemia, central nervous system (CNS), and gastrointestinal (GI) side effects. Tenofovir-based regimens were, be that as it may, observed to be somewhat more secure. The blend with Efavirenz was related with significant CNS reactions while that of Nevirapine was related with rash and pigmentation of nails. Atazanavir supported second-line regimens were quite connected with expanded serum lipid levels taken after by other GI and CNS unfavourable impacts. Expanded liver compounds were found in atazanavir-based second-line ART.Conclusions: The study enables to obtain in sequence on the incidence and pattern of ADRs associated with various antiretroviral regimens, thereby reducing its occurrence and protecting the patient population from avoidable harm. Need of intensive monitoring for ADRs in ARTs along these lines is by all accounts an order.
Objectives: Antibiotics are frequently used in tertiary care hospitals. We conducted an observational study on children admitted to a teaching hospital in south India, to make a profile of antibiotics use and suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) owing to them. Methods: Hospitalized children of either sex, aged between 1 month and 12 years, were inspected. Baseline demographic and clinical features, duration of hospital stay, antibiotics received in hospital along with dosing and indications and interest of suspected ADRs attributable to their use were recorded. Every patient was followed up till discharge, admission to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, or passing. Results: Over the year and a half report period 364 confirmations were screened. The prevalence of Antibiotics use was 80.22%. The majority of the 292 children who received Antibiotics were males (63.35%). Median age was 35 months, five children died. In most instances, either two (41%) or a single antibiotic (37.32%) was used. Ceftriaxone, co-amoxiclav, amikacin, vancomycin, and ampicillin were predominantly used. Antimalarials, antivirals and antiprotozoals were used occasionally. Average number of Antibiotics per patient was 2.2± 1.1 the majority (81.15%) were by parenteral route and initial choice was usually empirical. Prescriptions were usually in generic name. The antibiotic treatment went somewhere in the range of 1 and 32days, with a middle of 8 days. Five ADRs were noted of which half were skin rash and the rest loose stools. Conclusions: The profile of Antibiotic utilize is comprehensively like prior Indian investigations. Apparent overuse of multiple Antibiotics per prescription and the parenteral route requires exploration. Antibiotics are being used empirically in the absence of policy. ADRs to Antibiotics are occasional and usually mild. The benchmark information can serve in situation analysis for antibiotic prescribing guidelines.Keywords: Antibiotic; Pediatric infections; Adverse drug reactions; Tertiary care hospital.
Background: Worldwide, at least fifty percent of children, younger than 5 years of age, suffer from micronutrient, protein and calorie deficiencies causing negative impact on health. Our study aims to understand the pediatricians’ perspectives on diagnosis and management of these micronutrient deficiencies (MND).Methods: A cross sectional questionnaire-based survey of 490 pediatricians, wherein the questionnaire focused on prevalence, causes, diagnosis, management and long-term impact of micronutrient deficiencies in children aged 2 to 6 years.Results: Majority of pediatricians (94%) commonly see MNDs in their clinical practice; with 94% pediatricians seeing MNDs in stunted children, 93% in wasted and 89.0% in obese children. About 50–90% pediatricians reported calorie, protein, vitamins and mineral deficiencies. Not eating a balanced diet was the cause of nutrient deficiency as per 97% pediatricians, while about 93-97% opined MNDs also cause frequent illness, lack of energy/weakness, loss of weight or causes thinness. All pediatricians believe that minerals, vitamins and proteins are important for immunity and bone development. Also, 88% pediatricians believe multiple MNDs can be evaluated by physical examination and clinical history; and about 40% pediatricians suggest intervention to 25-50% children. Also, they believe that MNDs impact long-term health outcomes like growth, cognitive development, metabolic development and social development.Conclusions: Micronutrient deficiencies contribute to lack of energy, frequent illness, and compromised immune system which in turn have short-term and long-term impact on overall growth and development. Hence there is a need to assess and address the MNDs at the earliest.
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