Environment has been contaminated by heavy metals ever since the original magma of earth has solidified. One such toxin is cadmium. Cadmium that has been around since the industrial age, is considered hazardous both to us and to the environment. From time immemorial man is dependent on plants available in nature for several health benefits. , has nutritional, pharmacological and antioxidant properties, thus having several medicinal applications. In the present article, we discuss the dose and time dependent damage due to exposure to cadmium on kidneys, liver, testis, lipid profile and haematological parameters in adult Wistar rats and the protective effects of (pre-treatment) on cadmium induced damage.

In this paper the Modified Equations of Emden type (MEE), χ+αχχ+βχ ³ is solved numerically by the differential transform method. This technique doesn’t require any discretization, linearization or small perturbations and therefore it reduces significantly the numerical computation. The current results of this paper are in excellent agreement with those provided by Chandrasekar et al. [1] and thereby illustrate the reliability and the performance of the differential transform method. We have also compared the results with the classical Runge-Kutta 4 (RK4) Method

No abstract

The outbreak of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in 2019 has posed major risks to global health and the economy. This coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic has changed many of our everyday habits, including how we function and socialize, how we eat, and food preferences and selection. The average intake and status of certain vitamins and minerals can result in reduced immunity, which makes people more susceptible to illnesses and exacerbates malnutrition. The most critical factors in this scenario are individual risk evaluation and management techniques. Until general therapies are administered, the nutritional status of each infected patient should be assessed. The differing clinical severity of COVID‐19 – from asymptomatic, to mild, to severe, to death – depends on the different metabolic status of the hosts who have contracted the virus, which is determined by their diet, age, gender, health, lifestyle, and environmental factors. A broad systematic exploration on studies of this disease was steered by means of electronic databases and was limited to articles published in English (or with an English abstract) in publications using words like ‘health’, ‘diet’, ‘food’, ‘nutritional status’, ‘COVID‐19’, ‘pandemic’, ‘modifiable contributor’, ‘immune system’, ‘micronutrients’, ‘vitamin’, and so on. Careful individual consideration of the potential dietary, nutritional, medical, lifestyle, and environmental hazards, along with any supplementation with micronutrients wherever required to help to boost the body's natural defence system, with the intention to improve all levels of immunity and the use of effective risk management techniques are appropriate ways to handle the COVID‐19 pandemic. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

Background: Cadmium (Cd), an environmental metallic toxicant with varying degrees of toxicity, exists in different oxidational or transitional states and causes various blood disorders. Cadmium (Cd) is known to affect various organs on both acute and chronic exposures. Studies have revealed that the most important tissue in body in which metabolic alterations are mainly reproduced is the blood. Moringa oleifera, originally from India, has been scientifically assessed for various medicinal applications. Aims and Objective: To examine the effect of M. oleifera aqueous extract taken from the leaf on total leukocyte count including its differentials (neutrophils and lymphocytes) in cadmium-treated rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four adult Wistar Albino rats, weighing between 180 and 200 g were broadly divided into four groups, six animals in each group, with group I being the control. Group IV was pretreated with the extract and then cadmium chloride orally for 1 day. Data were presented as mean ± SD and p p 0.05 considered significant. Result: The results portrayed that pretreatment with Moringa leaf extract, 100 mg/kg/bw, earlier to the cadmium administration exhibited a significant increase (p p 0.001) in the total leukocyte count including its differentials in comparison with the cadmium-exposed group, whereas the total WBC count was significantly decreased in group III in comparison with groups I and II. This study depicts a marked increase in the total leukocyte (T-WBC) count and its differentials in the animals pretreated with Moringa oleifera leaf extract, before the infusion of cadmium could be an indication that M. oleifera offers protection against damage to hematological parameters induced by cadmium. Conclusion: Therefore, our study suggests that aqueous leaf extract of M. oleifera enhances the immune mechanisms to fight back foreign substances when exposed to cadmium toxicity.

Introduction: Cadmium (Cd) is an industrial pollutant that affects the male reproductive system. The purpose of present study was to investigate the protective role of Beta carotene on cadmium induced testicular damage. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted following approval from Institutional Bioethical Committee and strict internationally accepted guidelines, for the usage of animals in experimental study were. Rats were divided into four groups with 8 rats in each.The Gr. I rats were administered with the single dose of normal saline intraperitoneally. Group II received Beta carotene (10 mg/kg bw) orally for 30 days. Group III received a single dose of 1 mg/kg bw cadmium chloride and Group IV received Beta carotene for 30 days prior to cadmium administration. After the desired protocol, rats were sacrificed and both the testes were removed for biochemical and histopathological evaluation. One testis was fixed in Bouvins fluid and processed or histopathological studies. The levels of lipid peroxides (LPO) and glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected in the tissue homogenates of other testis. Results: In the present study, the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) was significantly high and GSH and SOD (P<0.001) were low in cadmium treated rats compared to normal control. Pre-treatment with beta carotene showed a protective effect by decreasing LPO and increasing GS Hand SOD level (P<0.001). The morphological changes like atrophy of tubules, edema and decreased spermatogenesis in the testis of rats exposed to cadmium chloride. But, antioxidant showed the normal architecture of the testis. Conclusion: Results of the present study showed the antioxidative role of beta carotene in protecting the testis from cadmium induced toxicity.

No abstract

context, stress has been defined as an emotional experience associated with nervousness, tension, and strain. [2,3] The impact of job strain on health functioning and sense of well-being have been reported in only a few recent studies. There was study on the cumulative effects of job strain on health status in a large cohort of women in the United States, with repeated measures of job characteristics. They hypothesized that job strain not only predicts poor health status but also accelerates functional decline over time. [4-6] Our aim is to study the health status in working women and nonworking women using sf-36 questionnaire. Materials and Methods Study population consisted of women (N = 69) from Mangalore, Karnataka, India. Among them 57 were working women and 12 were nonworking women. RAND 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire was filled after taking informed consent from them. Background: Many studies have established the adverse effects of job strain on the health status of women. In this study, we will try to compare the health status in working and nonworking women using standard Short Form (SF)-36 questionnaire. The SF-36 is a widely used questionnaire for measuring physical and mental health status. These are multidimensional measures of self-reported health status. At the end of this scientific study, working women will have some understanding about their physical and psychological well-being. Objective: To study the health status in working women and nonworking women using SF-36 questionnaire. Materials and Methods: SF-36 (1992 Medical Outcomes Trust) questionnaire was administered to collect data. The following 8 scales were measured and expressed as scores ranging from 0 to 100: physical functioning, role limitations because of physical health problems, role limitations because of emotional health problems, energy and fatigue, emotional well-being, social functioning, freedom from bodily pain, and general health. Result: Working women showed less scores of emotional health when compared with nonworking women (p = 0.16), which was statistically not significant. Overall, the general health scale was considerably less in working women when compared with nonworking women (p = 0.54). Conclusion: Working women revealed significantly less scores of mental health when compared with nonworking women.