<p>Rice is the main staple food for Indonesian population. At the same time, per capita consumption of wheat products has increased annually. One of main government policies related to food consumption is to accelerate food and nutrition diversification based on local food sources. Objective of this study was to understand demand for various carbohydrate food sources at household level by introducing socio-economic variables such as household size, wife working status, and characteristics of household head. This research used Susenas 2017 data at national level. Demand for food was estimated by the AIDS model. Rice was still as the most favorable carbohydrate source for Indonesian people. Bread and processed food were categorized as luxurious; while rice, wheat flour, cereals, and roots were as normal goods. Own-price demand elasticity for rice, wheat flour, cereals, and roots were elastic, meanwhile for bread and prepared foods were inelastic. Reducing per capita rice consumption, among others, should be conducted by increasing knowledge and awareness of household members of the importance of food consumption diversification. The government should be aware of the continuing increase in wheat flour imports in line with national economic growth due to high income elasticity for bread and processed food.</p><p> </p><p>Abstrak</p><p>Pangan sumber karbohidrat yang merupakan pemasok utama energi untuk menjalankan aktivitas sehari-hari penduduk Indonesia masih didominasi oleh beras. Bersamaan dengan itu, konsumsi pangan/kapita berasal dari gandum meningkat setiap tahunnya. Di fihak lain, Indonesia memiliki beragam pangan lokal sumber karbohidrat. Salah satu kebijakan utama pemerintah terkait konsumsi pangan adalah mempercepat diversifikasi pangan dan gizi berbasis pangan lokal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui permintaan pangan berbagai komoditas sumber karbohidrat di tingkat rumah tangga dengan memasukkan variabel sosial ekonomi yaitu jumlah anggota rumah tangga, status istri bekerja, dan karakterestik kepala keluarga. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Susenas tahun 2017 untuk tingkat nasional dari BPS. Permintaan pangan dianalisis dengan menggunakan model AIDS. Hasil analisis mengkonfirmasi bahwa beras masih menjadi komoditas sumber karbohidrat yang paling diminati masyarakat. Roti dan makanan jadi merupakan golongan pangan mewah sedangkan beras, terigu, padi-padian, serta umbi merupakan barang normal. Elastisitas harga sendiri untuk permintaan komoditas beras, terigu, padi-padian, dan umbi bersifat inelastis sedangkan roti dan makanan jadi tergolong elastis. Dari hasil penelitian ini disarankan upaya pengurangan konsumsi beras/kapita diantaranya dilakukan melalui peningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran anggota rumah tangga mengenai manfaat diversifikasi pangan dan gizi untuk memelihara hidup sehat dan produktif. Pemerintah perlu mewaspadai berlanjutnya peningkatan impor terigu sejalan dengan pertembuhan ekonomi nasional karena roti dan makanan jadi memiliki elastisitas pendapatan yang tinggi.</p>
Most of the food commodity prices on the world market increased drastically in late 2006 to mid 2008. The increase in food prices in 2008 was triggered by the global crisis. In 2020, the world is facing a global recession caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to examine the impact of the global recession on the prices of several food commodities in the global market. Volatility analysis was conducted to determine the movement of food commodity prices during the crisis and recession. Secondary data obtained from the World Bank's Pink Sheet Data were used in this study. The form of the data is a monthly time series from January 1960 to December 2020. The volatility analysis is estimated using ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) model and ARCH-GARCH (Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity-Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity) model. The results showed that most food commodity prices had high volatility during the 1973 crisis and 2008 crisis. However, food prices were not too affected by the 2020 global recession.
The price of bulk cooking oil in East Java, which has decreased and increased in the last five years, is also followed by an increase in consumers of bulk cooking oil from 2017 to 2021. Bulk cooking oil is a very important staple, because almost all food is cooked using oil fry. This study analyzes the characteristics of consumers of bulk cooking oil, the reasons consumers buy, and analyzes the factors that influence purchasing decisions. This research was conducted in a traditional market, namely Pasar Sasak. The sampling technique was "accidental sampling" with a total of 56 consumers of bulk cooking oil. The sample criteria are bulk cooking oil consumers aged 15-64 years. The analytical method uses SEM-PLS with the help of the SmartPLS version 4 application. The results of this study indicate that product quality, price, and information have a positive effect on purchasing decisions for bulk cooking oil.
Awal tahun 2020 tepatnya pada 11 Maret 2020 WHO menyatakan penyebaran virus Covid 19 sebagai sebuah pandemi. pemerintah menganjurkan seluruh rakyat Indonesia untuk tidak keluar dari rumah, atau mengurangi kegiatan di luar rumah. Perkembangan internet yang semakin pesat juga mempengaruhi dunia bisnis, salah satunya jasa layanan online, yaitu Gojek. Kehadiran Gojek sangat berpengaruh terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat dalam sehari-hari, terutama di tengah pandemi Covid 19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik konsumen dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian Ayam Geprek Bensu melalui Gofood. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 80 sampel dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan teknik sampling non probability sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan adaah metode analisis deskiptif kualitatiif dan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa responden paling banyak berada pada rentang usia 20-35 sebanyak 48 (60%), sedangkan usia responden terendah berada pada usia > 35 tahun sebanyak 12 (15%). Pada jenis kelamin perempuan mendapatkan sebanyak 43 responden (53.75%), sedangkan pada jenis kelamin laki-laki berjumlah 37 responden (46.25%). Pada ketagori pendidikan terakhir yang berada palin atas adalah SMA sebanyak 44 (55%). Kategori pekerjaan yang berada paling banyak pada pelajar sebanyak 55 (68.75%). Sedangkan faktor produk, harga, promosi, tempat, dan psikologis berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian Ayam Geprek Bensu melalui Gofood. Sedangkan, faktor Budaya, Sosial, dan Individu tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian Ayam Geprek Bensu melalui Gofood.
The study was intended to analyze the position of the agricultural sector in the East Java Province of the covid-19 pandemic by determining the position of the agricultural sector at the time before the covid-19 pandemic and the covid-19 pandemic and identifying the factors that determined how the agriculture sector was performing. The collection of data on this study is secondary data obtained from the Statistical Center and the Indonesian Bank. The method of data analysis used is the Location Quotient analysis (LQ) and the Shift Share. This examination proposes that the situation of the agricultural sector at the time before the covid-19 pandemic was a non-base sector with an LQ value of 0,77. This occurs due to the conversion of agricultural land that is less in favor of the agricultural side even though East Java is one of the areas that has the largest agricultural production. At the time of the covid-19, the performance of the agricultural sector in East Java Province is a non-base sector with an LQ value of 0,79. This happened because of the Covid-19 pandemic which affected food security due to an unsupportive situation and prone to production problems. The rise in the value of LQ is expected to be better for agriculture sector performance. The factor that determines the performance of the agricultural sector is a factor of economic structure with a value of SSS greater than LSS.
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