This study aims to empirically test the detection of indications of financial statement fraud based on financial shenanigans. Financial shenanigans are proxied by the growth in days' sales outstanding, cash flow from operating divided by net income, and accounts receivable divided by sales. Indication of financial statement fraud is proxied by the F-Score model. This research was conducted at oil and gas companies in Indonesia and Malaysia. Hypothesis testing used multiple linear regression analysis. The test was carried out in three steps, namely testing on Indonesia and Malaysia, Indonesia, and Malaysia. The results of this study found evidence that the growth of the days' sales outstanding is significant to the indication of financial statement fraud in Malaysia. Another result is that the growth in a collection period, cash flow from operating divided by net income, and accounts receivable divided by sales is not significant if tested separately for Indonesia and Malaysia and Indonesia.

In practice, auditors sometimes have a hard time detecting false financial statements since they only look at the figures on the financial statements. Consequently, they ignore the red flags in the annual reports’ wording. This study aims to analyze how the level of readability of annual reports and abusive earnings management affects fraudulent financial reporting. A total of 240 annual reports from publicly traded industrial businesses were used. The paper used data from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and each sampled companies’ official website. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. Falsified financial statements are the dependent variable, while annual report readability and abusive earnings management are independent variables. The Dechow F-Score is used to assess whether financial statements are false. The annual report’s readability is assessed using the Flesch Reading Ease, Length, Flesch-Kincaid, and Lasbarhets Indexes. Finally, accrual discretionary and real earnings management are used to uncover earnings management misuse. According to the findings, dishonest earnings management has a significant influence on financial statement fraud. Moreover, abusive earnings management can aid in the detection of falsified financial statements. AcknowledgmentsRector Universitas Trunojoyo Madura supported this paper under Grant Number 2285/UN46.3.1/PN/2019. Any and all views, results, conclusions, or recommendations stated in this material are solely those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of Universitas Trunojoyo Madura. The authors would like to express their gratitude to the Rector of Universitas Trunojoyo Madura for his efforts and cooperation in conducting this investigation.

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Detection of fraudulent financial stewardship in the cash flow section is an exciting thing and is rarely studied. This research empirically tests the discovery of fraudulent financial statements based on basic cash flow shenanigans. The sample of this study amounted to 470 data mining companies in Indonesia, Malaysia, China, and Japan. The analysis method used is a positive approach. The results show that all ratios used can predict fraudulent financial statements. Three ratios of cash flow shenanigans, namely change in receivable to cash flow operations, days payable outstanding, and change in inventory to cash flow operations, significantly affect the F-Score. Meanwhile, the six cash flow shenanigans ratios, namely cash flow operations to current liability, operating cash flow ratio, free cash flow, cash flow operations to total liability, days payable outstanding, and change in inventory to cash flow operations, have a significant effect on the M-Score.

Indonesia membuat seluruh lapisan masyarakat harus beradaptasi dengan kebiasaaan baru. Salah satu kebiasaan baru yang harus dilakukan adalah pembelajaran secara daring. Hal ini dilakukan atas peraturan Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset dan Teknologi (Kemendikbudristek) No.1 Tahun 2020 tentang pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 di perguruan tinggi. Dengan diberlakukannya pembelajaran daring ini muncul enigma dan ketidakyakinan atas hasil asesmen yang telah dikerjakan mahasiswa (White, 2021). Fenomena kecurangan akademik masih menjadi peristiwa sosial yang menarik untuk diteliti terutama karena meningkatnya praktik ini selama pembelajaran daring yang diakibatkan pandemi COVID-19. Duarte (2008) menyatakan bahwa perilaku individu di masa mendatang ditentukan oleh pendidikan yang didapatkan dan melalui pendidikan mahasiswa memaknai makna integritas. Integritas sangatlah penting bagi mahasiswa khususnya mahasiswa jurusan akuntansi karena menururt Nahar (2018) jika melihat skandal akuntansi di masa lalu terbukti bahwa akuntan dan auditor cenderung toleran terhadap aktivitas-aktivitas yang dapat merusak integritas.Penelitian ini sangat penting untuk dilakukan guna mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mendorong mahasiswa untuk melakukan kecurangan akademik sehingga tindakan tidak etis ini dapat dicegah atau setidaknya dimitigasi. Menurut Lanier ( 2006) sikap integritas mahasiswa mulai menurun sehingga dalam pembelajaran daring semakin banyak mahasiswa melakukan kecurangan akademik. Pernyataan tersebut juga didukung oleh pendapat Kennedy et al. (2000) yang memaparkan bahwa dalam pembelajaran daring mahasiswa memiliki kesempatan yang lebih besar untuk melakukan kecurangan akademik. Survei yang dilakukan Christiana et al. (2021) memberikan hasil sebanyak 64% dari 69 fakultas perguruan tinggi dan 57% dari 172 mahasiswa merasa bahwa tindakan mencontek lebih mudah dilakukan saat ujian dilakukan secara daring. Terdapat kasus di Inha University Korea Selatan, sebanyak 90 mahasiswa terbukti mencontek saat ujian dilakukan secara daring (Abcnews, 2020).Kecurangan akademik selama pembelajaran daring tidak hanya terjadi di perguruan tinggi internasional saja. Peneliti menemukan fenomena terkait kecurangan akademik saat pembelajaran daring di perguruan tinggi nasional. Fenomena tersebut diketahui melalui website lembaga pers mahasiswa Universitas Trunojoyo Madura (UTM). Dilansir melalui Spiritmahasiswa (2021) jumlah mahasiswa baru yang mengikuti kegiatan Pengenalan Kehidupan Kampus Mahasiswa Baru (PKKMB) sangat minim. Hal tersebut diduga bahwa mahasiswa baru melakukan kecurangan akademik dengan cara hanya melakukan presensi tanpa mengikuti serangkaian kegiatan yang berlangsung. Peneliti lebih banyak lagi menemukan jenis kecurangan akademik yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa UTM namun tidak terekspos oleh media karena sifatnya yang tertutup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh faktor fraud hexagon yaitu tekanan, kemampuan, kolusi, kesempatan, rasionalisasi dan ego (Vousinas, 2019) terhadap kecurangan akademik saat pembel...