-The Rice milling is the process that helps in removal of hulls and bran's from paddy grains to produce polished rice. Rice is rich in genetic diversity with thousands of varieties grown throughout the world. Rice has been one of man's most important foods. Today, this unique grain helps sustain two-thirds of the world's population. It is life for thousands of millions of people. It is deeply embedded in the cultural heritage of their societies. About four-fifths of the world's rice are produced by small-scale farmers and are consumed locally.Milling is the process wherein the rice grain is transformed into a form suitable for human consumption, therefore, has to be done with utmost care to prevent breakage of the kernel and improve the recovery.the present paper lucidly explains ricce milling process and its importance
-Homogenization is a process of achieving homogeneity through out a product by particle size modification. it is characterized into three major categories:-ultrasonic pressure homogenization, pressure homogenization mechanical homogenizer. Application of homogenization are diverse in food industry, chemical industry, pharmaceutical and chemical industry. Most important use of homogenization process in food industry is in milk homogenization. Selection criteria of homogenizers depends on particular application.
The Coronavirus Disease 2019, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is an exceptionally contagious disease that leads to global epidemics with elevated mortality and morbidity. There are currently no efficacious drugs targeting coronavirus disease 2019, therefore, it is an urgent requirement for the development of drugs to control this emerging disease. Owing to the importance of nucleocapsid protein, the present study focuses on targeting the N-terminal domain of nucleocapsid protein from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 to identify the potential compounds by computational approaches such as pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, docking and molecular dynamics. We found three molecules (ZINC000257324845, ZINC000005169973 and ZINC000009913056), which adopted a similar conformation as guanosine monophosphate (GMP) within the N-terminal domain active site and exhibiting high binding affinity (>À8.0 kcalmol À1). All the identified compounds were stabilized by hydrogen bonding with Arg107, Tyr111 and Arg149 of Nterminal domain. Additionally, the aromatic ring of lead molecules formed p interactions with Tyr109 of N-terminal domain. Molecular dynamics and Molecular mechanic/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area results revealed that N-terminal domainligand(s) complexes are less dynamic and more stable than N-terminal domain-GMP complex. As the identified compounds share the same corresponding pharmacophore properties, therefore, the present results may serve as a potential lead for the development of inhibitors against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
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