The most important issue in Personal Communication Services (PCS) is the mobility management. And the efficiency of this PCS system is dependent on the maintenance of a reliable and optimal radio link between the mobile user and the fixed system. When the mobile user moves out of his coverage area, handoff is required to enjoy continuation of services. In this paper, a handoff algorithm termed as Fuzzy controller for Handoff Optimization (FCHO) is introduced based upon fuzzy logic. Traditional algorithms for handoff using fixed values of parameters can perform well only in specific environment but FCHO exploits attractive features of several existing algorithms, and adds more capabilities to provide adaptation to the dynamic environment. Simulation results reveal that the proposed FCHO algorithm eliminates the problem of corner effect by dynamically changing the value of threshold and hysteresis with the change in the RSSI and the velocity of the mobile station.

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The progression to next generation networks is replete with abundant co-existing technologies. To comply with the Always Best Connected paradigm, several vertical handover decision approaches have been proposed in literature, using advanced techniques and tools. This paper discusses the application of soft computing techniques in the vertical handover decision making process with emphasis on the state of the art techniques. For a comprehensive evaluation, the algorithms are classified into three sets based on the soft computing technique used namely, Fuzzy Logic, Machine Learning and Evolutionary Algorithms and representative handover algorithms in each group are discussed. These papers are categorized in a well-defined structure to bring out their contribution, to underline the pretermitted notions, and to bring forth the emerging issues for future research. This paper summarizes the Soft Computing concepts and reviews its applications in candidate network selection, QoE enhancement, and reducing the unnecessary handovers.

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Mobility management is very essential component for the next generation Wireless networks. Today research studies are focusing on customer satisfaction and user preferences. As technology will grow further handoff process to handle mobility in heterogeneous networks becomes of utmost importance. In this paper, different set of metrics, and issues of handoff have been discussed. The paper discusses underline concepts of handoff and few algorithms based on various methods such as fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms, neural networks, etc. This paper also focuses on issues still remaining and need to be focused for building up of an efficient algorithm for handoff management.

The urge for seamless and ubiquitous connectivity for heterogeneous devices and networks to deliver desired results has gathered a lot of attention of researchers, academicians and industry experts. To a large extent, this issue has been resolved by cloud computing through task offloading either partially or fully but sending so much data on cloud create overheads. So, a particular task has to be uploaded or not and handoff to be initiated or not is a major decision. Through this paper, an algorithm to take the decision for handoff and switching to the most lucrative network has been proposed. The scheme aims to preserve and provide the users with Quality of Service and Quality of Experience while keeping in mind the criteria of offloading traffic to another cell or network based on the number of mobile users, type of application being used on the mobile, available bandwidth, and network load. The proposed mobile edge architecture may improve the timely execution of the handover process, greatly reduces the ping-pong rate and terminal overhead.