Abstract:Pelvic inflammatory disease is an important and major health problem in Bangladesh. This study was undertaken to find out the common clinical presentation of pelvic inflammatory disease in relation to reproductive health of women in our country. This study has been carried out at the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sher-EBangla Medical College Hospital, Barisal, during period from January 2010 to December 2010. In this descriptive type of cross sectional study, total number of 150 patients suffering from PID were selected. Details history and thorough clinical examination was performed with the aim of find out clinical presentation of PID. Related investigations were done. This study shows that 54% belongs to age group 26-35 years, 90% patients were married and 4% were separated, 90% were house wifes, 60% patients were from lower socio-economic status. All patients complained lower abdominal pain, 60% had vaginal discharge, 80% patients delivered solely at home and 73.33% were delivered by untrained birth attendants at home. Pelvic inflammatory disease is detrimental to reproductive health and makes the women cripple physically, mentally and socially. So appropriate measures e.g. better obstetric and delivery care, family planning care, safe way of pregnancy termination; health education etc. should be made for our women.

Abstract:A cross sectional descriptive study was done to find out the causative organisms and their antibiotic sensitivities in the Department of Microbiology in collaboration with the Department of Paediatrics, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH), Rajshahi during the period of July 2014 to June 2015. A total of 116 blood samples were taken aseptically from patients who were suspected of neonatal septicemia. Blood was then inoculated in Brain heart infusion broth. Bacterial isolation, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were done by standard microbiological methods. Among 116 cases, 33(28.4%) were found to be culture positive. The most commonly isolated causative agents of neonatal septicemia were Staphylococcus aureus 17(51.5%) followed by Escherichia coli 10(30.3%), Streptococcus pneumoniae 03(9.09%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 02(6.06%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 01(3.03%). In general, all the Gram positive and Gram negative isolates were highly sensitive to meropenem, amikacin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. Gram positive bacteria were found to be particularly sensitive to vancomycin. They were moderately sensitive to ceftazidime followed in amoxicillin but were totally resistant to ampicillin. This study revealed that Staphylococcus aureus and E.coli are predominant causative organisms in neonatal septicemia and these are highly sensitive to meropenem, amikacin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin.

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Abstract:Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the main predictors of infant mortality. The global incidence of LBW is around 17%, although estimates vary from 19% in the developing countries like Bangladesh to 5-7% in the developed countries. About one third of delivery is low birth weight. LBW is generally associated with situations in which uterine malnutrition is produced due to alterations in placental circulation. There are many known risk factors, the most important of which are socio-economic factors, medical risks before or during gestation and maternal lifestyles. However, although interventions exist to prevent many of these factors before and during pregnancy, the incidence of LBW has not decreased.

Despite decline in under five mortality in the last few decades, neonatal mortality rate has not changed substantially. A large number of these newborn are premature or low birth weight. Premature infants are at increased risk of developing dehydration or overhydration. Therefore, high index of suspicion, prompt recognition and thorough understanding of common electrolyte abnormalities are necessary to improve neonatal outcome. It seems to be essential for immediate management for planning appropriate fluid and electrolyte therapy and thereby for improved outcome. To study the electrolytes abnormalities in preterm low birth weight neonates information were collected who gave consent and participated in the study willingly. Duration of data collection was approximately 6 (Six) months. Patients admitted to the Dhaka Medical College Hospital and after meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria a simple random sampling technique was applied for selecting the sample patients. Total 50 preterm LBW neonates fulfilling the inclusion criteria were studied during this study period. Abnormal electrolytes were documented in 20(40%) preterm LBW neonates of which hyperkalemia was the predominant electrolyte abnormality found in 8(16.0%) neonates, hyponatremia was found in 7 (14.0%), hypokalemia in 3 (6.0%) and hypernatremia in 2 (4.0%). It was observed that electrolyte abnormalities are common in preterm LBW neonates. So, identification of associated electrolyte abnormalities and proper management of fluid and electrolytes and close monitoring are important. Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2019;14(1): 31-33