Abstract:Pelvic inflammatory disease is an important and major health problem in Bangladesh. This study was undertaken to find out the common clinical presentation of pelvic inflammatory disease in relation to reproductive health of women in our country. This study has been carried out at the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sher-EBangla Medical College Hospital, Barisal, during period from January 2010 to December 2010. In this descriptive type of cross sectional study, total number of 150 patients suffering from PID were selected. Details history and thorough clinical examination was performed with the aim of find out clinical presentation of PID. Related investigations were done. This study shows that 54% belongs to age group 26-35 years, 90% patients were married and 4% were separated, 90% were house wifes, 60% patients were from lower socio-economic status. All patients complained lower abdominal pain, 60% had vaginal discharge, 80% patients delivered solely at home and 73.33% were delivered by untrained birth attendants at home. Pelvic inflammatory disease is detrimental to reproductive health and makes the women cripple physically, mentally and socially. So appropriate measures e.g. better obstetric and delivery care, family planning care, safe way of pregnancy termination; health education etc. should be made for our women.
Abstract:Postpartum haemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Total 67-80% of cases are caused by uterine atony. Preventive measures include prophylactic drug use to aid uterine contraction after delivery, thus avoiding severe blood loss and reducing maternal morbidity and mortality. Carbetocin is a synthetic analogue of oxytocin with a long half-life which ensure more effective contraction and less adverse effects. It can be administered as a single dose injection either intravenously or intramuscularly rather than as an infusion over several hours as is the case with oxytocin. Carbetocin is currently indicated for prevention of uterine atony after delivery by caesarean section in spinal or epidural anaesthesia. A reduced need for additional uterotonics was observed with carbetocin vs. oxytocin in high-risk women and carbetocin was at least as effective as syntometrine in low-risk women. Carbetocin is effective treatment for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage not only following caesarean delivery but also after vaginal delivery in high-risk women and those who suffer from hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Further research is required to assess whether prophylactic carbetocin is superior to conventional uterotonic agents following vaginal delivery in low-risk women.
Abstract:The incidence of genital tuberculosis varies widely with the social status of the patient and her environment. The incidence is about 1% amongst gynecological patients attending the outpatient department in the developing country. Genital TB may be asymptomatic and the majority of women are diagnosed during investigations of infertility. Genital system TB represents 15-20% of extrapulmonary TB and is usually asymptomatic affecting mainly young women in the reproductive age group. Here we presented a case of genital TB which was diagnosed during laparotomy. After confirmation of diagnosis by histopathology, the case was successfully managed by anti-tubercular therapy for 9 months.
Reduced ovarian reserve is a condition characterized by a reduced competence of the ovary to produce oocyte due to advanced age or congenital, medical surgical and idiopathic causes. Age is considered to be the principal factor in determining the reduction of ovarian reserve, especially in woman over 40 years of age, but it's well known that a premature reduction of ovarian reserve can also occur in young patients. Management of patients with diminished ovarian reserve is challenging for fertility experts and frequently the only option to conceive is represented by assisted reproduction technologies. Here we reviewed the aetiology, presentation and diagnosis of reduced ovarian reserve in advanced and young aged women and recent advances in the management of infertility in these women.Key Words: Reduced ovarian reserve; Diminished ovarian reserve; Premature ovarian failure ABSTRACT Introduction
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