C(sp 3 )À H functionalization is a core part of organic chemistry because of the presence of C(sp 3 )À H bonds in various organic molecules. However, since most C(sp 3 )À H bonds are non-reactive, their functionalization is an uphill task. Standard methods of functionalization employ prefunctionalized reactants, expensive organometallic reagents, strong acids or bases and similar other harsh reaction conditions. These methods eventually affect the reaction and prevent it from yielding optimum results. Transition metalbased catalysts like Pd, Rh and Ru provide a direct functionalization route without unwanted pre-functionalization steps. These catalysts furnish superior results under mild reaction conditions. But, their expense, toxicity and low natural abundance prevent them from achieving ideality. Therefore, 3d transition metal catalysts like Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu catalysts have gained significance as an alternative for conventional transition metal catalysts due to their high natural abundance, low toxicity and affordability. Copperbased catalysts are particularly important owing to the wide range of oxidation states of copper and the facile tunability of their catalytic properties. Hence, an immense amount of research is being conducted on the catalytic activity of copper for C(sp 3 )À H functionalization. This review aims to provide a detailed overview of some recent reports on C(sp 3 )À H functionalization using catalytic systems based on copper.
In this work, we present a rapid, metal‐free and efficient method for thiocyanation of aromatic amines under microwave irradiation for the synthesis of aryl thiocyanates using inexpensive and nontoxic NH4SCN as thiocyanato source and K2S2O8 as an oxidant. This protocol tolerates a wide range of substituted anilines to provide the corresponding thiocyanated products in good to excellent yields. The features of this strategy include a broad substrate scope, high functional group tolerance, mild reaction conditions, and short reaction time.
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