Bipolar
resistive switching using organic molecule is very promising
for memory applications owing to their advantages, such as simple
device structure, low manufacturing cost, stability, and flexibility.
Herein we report Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) and spin-coated-film-based
bipolar resistive switching devices using organic material 1,4-bis(di(1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)benzene (Indole1). The pressure–area
per molecule isotherm (π–A), Brewster
angle microscopy (BAM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) were used to formulate an idea about the
organization and morphology of the organic material onto thin films.
On the basis of the device structure and measurement protocol, it
is observed that the device made up of Indole1 shows nonvolatile resistive
random access memory (RRAM) behavior with a very high memory window
(∼106), data sustainability (5400 s), device yield
(86.7%), and repeatability. The oxidation–reduction process
and electric-field-driven conduction are the keys behind such switching
behavior. Because of very good data retention, repeatability, stability,
and a high device yield, the switching device designed using compound
Indole1 may be a potential candidate for memory applications.
Polymer-clay nanocomposites of commercial polystyrene (PS) and clay laponite were prepared via solution intercalation technique. Laponite was modified suitably with the well known cationic surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide by ion-exchange reaction to render laponite miscible with hydrophobic PS. X-ray diffraction analysis in combination with scanning electron microscopy gives an idea of structural and morphological information of PS-laponite nanocomposite for different varying organo-laponite contents. Intercalation of PS chain occurs into the interlayer spacings of laponite for low organo-laponite concentration in the PS-O-laponite mixture. However, aggregation and agglomeration occur at higher clay concentration. The molecular bond vibrational profile of laponite as well as PS-laponite nanocomposite have been explored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis along with differential scanning calorimetry results reveal the enhancement of both thermal stability and glass transition temperature of PS due to the incorporation of clay platelets.
Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are now main stream wastewater treatment technologies. In recent times, novel pressure driven rotating membrane disc modules have been specially developed that induce high shear on the membrane surface, thereby reducing fouling. Previous research has produced dead-end filtration fouling model which combines all three classical mechanisms that was later used by another researcher as a starting point for a greatly refined model of a cross flow side-stream MBR that incorporated both hydrodynamics and soluble microbial products' (SMP) effects. In this study, a comprehensive fouling model was created based on this earlier work that incorporated all three classical fouling mechanisms for a rotating MBR system. It was tested and validated for best fit using appropriate data sets. The initial model fit appeared good for all simulations, although it still needs to be calibrated using further appropriate data sets.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.