Avaliação do desempenho da argamassa com incorporação de residuos de materiais cerâmicos/ Performance evaluation of mortar with incorporation of ceramic material waste
A termodinâmica está ligada à ciência dos materiais; o que significa a obtenção de novos materiais que tenham propriedades químicas e físicas bem definidas. A termodinâmica, podemos dizer, é uma das bases da engenharia de materiais, pois os processos de fabricação de novos materiais envolvem a transferência de calor e o trabalho para as matérias-primas. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar as aplicações da termodinâmica no estudo de propriedades químicas e físicas bem definidas de materiais de argila para a obtenção de novos tipos de materiais por meio de revisão bibliográfica.
The residues generated by the ceramic factories, among the most varied types, represent a large part of the waste produced and the one that comes from the production of red ceramics such as tiles and bricks, reflects in great part of all the constituents of these residues. The use of tailings is becoming an increasingly common practice, often because it does not have a correct final destination and in some places, there is a shortage of natural materials. The present work aims to study the addition of residues of ceramic tiles dust in the characteristics and properties of ecological brick. A literature review on the topic was carried out, in addition to granulometric characterizations, absorption tests, thermal comfort and simple compression. After carrying out the tests, the possibility of using it as a component of the ecological brick and using it in the region of Teresina-PI was studied. The samples produced with tile powder residue showed excellent results, therefore, through this study it was possible to prove that the reuse of these residues is valid for use in civil construction.
The main raw material for the production of ceramic materials is clay, it can be found in large quantities throughout Brazil, in addition to having a simple processing method in the preparation of the mass of ceramic tiles using mixtures of kaolinitic clays (not very plastic) and illitic (plastic) clays, this mixture favors by developing a series of functions such as: light-burning color; act as binders and plasticizers; facilitate fluidity, due to its melting properties, provide a good burning density and excellent mechanical resistance. This work addresses the main basic white-burning raw materials used in the production of ceramic tiles: quartz, kaolin, talc and limestone and their influence on the ceramic mass. All raw materials mentioned are available in the State of Piauí. For this, a bibliographic review of a descriptive, basic and qualitative nature was carried out on the theme and with the results, it was possible to identify the existence of white-burning raw materials in the State of Piauí that can be used in the production of ceramic coating.
New elements are needed to contribute to the idea of not reusing the materials, but rather improving their use, the massará for example is known in the region of Teresina-PI is a connecting material, of little consistency, easily disaggregatable (friable), containing white silica pebbles and of little utilização in the region. The interlocked concrete floor presents peculiar characteristics among which are those that configure it as a floor. The work analyzes through a mechanical strength and water absorption test the capacity that the interlocked concrete floor with the addition of massará in its composition offers in relation to bear load. Two traces with massará will be tried and then specimens will be molded to obtain the results of mechanical tests and characterization of the material in the laboratory. After the tests, it was observed the possibility of using it as components in the production of interlocked laying blocks used in construction companies of Teresina - PI.
The brick is composed of water, soil and cement, having an easy manufacturing process, with short construction and low cost is not subjected to burning is manufactured by a very different process from ceramic blocks, the same goes through a hydraulic press. This type of brick has characteristics that provide quality, sustainability, beauty, and above all savings in the total cost of the work. When used in construction are eliminated some steps and the execution time in the work. A block wall or ceramic brick will need roughcast, sketch, plaster, seamer and painting, besides considering the cost of these materials can not forget the labor that corresponds to an average 50% of the value of the work. But the great advantage over the other bricks is its construction system, once raised the wall this is ready, does not need finishing, and the pillar structure and beams are ready with it. Electrical and Hydraulic Installations are easily installed without the need for breakage and waste. These bricks do not require the use of mortars for laying, coatings such as plastering for regularization and finishing of walls, in addition to accelerating the work with their fittings that facilitate the alignment and plumb of the walls. The objective of this work is present through a literature review of optimization processes that involve the ecological brick. in addition to accelerating the work with their fittings that facilitate the alignment and plumb of the walls. The objective of this work is present through a literature re-view of optimization processes that involve the ecological brick. in addition to accelerating the work with their fittings that facilitate the alignment and plumb of the walls. The objective of this work is present through a literature review of optimization processes that involve the ecological brick.
This research has as goal to present the experimental study of soil behavior with the addition of crushed cement bags, known as kraft paper, cement bag residue. For the analysis, the soil was collected in a deposit and the initial processes for the characterization tests were carried out, being the sieve size analysis (AGP), liquidity limit (LL) and plasticity limit (LP) that allows us to classify you as to the type of soil being studied. Compaction tests and the CBR known as the California Support Index (ISC) were carried out. In the tests the behavior of the soil of the city of Teresina - PI was verified with the addition of these residues trying to maintain the initial quality or improving the resistance capacity of the soil. The tests were carried out for natural soil (without addition) and with additions of 1%, 2% and 3% of crushed kraft paper. In the results, it was observed that when adding the percentages there were no significant changes in the degree of soil compaction, in the expansion or in the resistance to penetration of the piston in the soil, these positive results for these residues to be mixed with soil and compacted without changing the performance and technical quality. The analysis of the results, through the compaction test and CBR, showed that there are possible possibilities for the use of kraft paper crushed in compacted landfills.
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