In two simultaneously‐taken needle biopsies of the liver from 70 consecutive patients, a number of changes were evaluated semiquantitatively and compared in n × m tables. The lesions examined were steatosis, Mallory's hyalin, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis and cholestasis; furthermore the size, amount of inflammatory cells, connective tissue and bile‐duct proliferation of the portal tracts and finally focal necroses and acidophilic bodies in the lobules were recorded. Cirrhosis, cholestasis and steatosis showed a high correlation, while the agreement between the two interdependent biopsies, especially concerning acidophilic bodies and bile‐duct proliferation, was low. Possible reasons for the variation in the agreement of the lesions are discussed.
A case of the rare calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor is reported. The tumor was situated high in the left maxillary antrum, bulging into the nasal cavity. The presenting signs were homolateral nasal stenosis and bulging of the lateral nasal wall. The clinical appearances and histological findings are submitted and compared with those in cases described previously. Treatment and prognosis are discussed. From the present case it is apparent that despite its odontogenic nature the tumor may occur so far from the teeth that clinically it may be mistaken for a tumor of the nasal cavity.
In 70 consecutive patients the histopathological diagnosis of needle liver biopsy specimens and the clinical diagnosis were compared. The patients were divided into the following groups: alcoholic liver disease, hepatitis, malignancy, cholestasis, and miscellaneous. Nearly half of the cases were alcohol-induced; all of these showed changes in the specimens consistent with an elevated alcohol consumption, but their histopathological 'severity' did not correlate with the amount of alcohol consumption. In the hepatitis group three cases of acute viral hepatitis gave identical clinical and histopathological diagnoses. The malignancy group showed that in five of eight cases the needle biopsy specimen confirmed the clinical suspicion of malignant tumour in the liver. The histopathological diagnoses of the miscellaneous group were not able to add further information to the clinical findings because of unspecific lesions in the specimens. Two specimens were taken from each patient, and the 'reproducibility' of the histopathological diagnoses of the interdependent specimens showed a high degree of agreement: 71% of the biopsy pairs had identical diagnoses of the two specimens from the same patients, and 12% of the biopsy pairs had only small differences between the two diagnoses.
In a series of 18 patients with focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver characteristic histological changes were found in the lesions of 5 patients receiving female reproductive steroids, e.g. four women taking oral contraceptives for several years, and one man treated with synthetic estrogenic compound for carcinoma of the prostate. These lesions contained young, connective tissue septa with abundant proliferation of bile ducts, piecemeal necroses and lymphocytic infiltration. Much less or no activity was found in the lesions of 11 women and 2 men without hormone treatment. Possible mechanisms for this activity are discussed, and it is proposed that focal nodular hyperplasia represents a congenital malformation, possibly a hamartoma, the liver cells of which may suffer from enzymatic defects, which may render them especially vulnerable to female sex hormones.
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