A B S T R A C TBackground: The genus of Stachys with 300 species belongs to Lamiaceae family and this genus has 34 species in Iran. Stachys turcomanica Trautv is native to Iran and it used for treatment of infectious, rheumatic and inflammatory diseases in traditional medicine. The effect of solvent (methanol in water: 0, 20, 50, 80 and 100 %) on the extraction of antioxidant compounds from S. turcomanica were investigated using various in vitro assays. Methods: The antioxidant activities of extracts were studied via three methods: FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl) and beta-carotene linoleic acid bleaching.
Results:The results of present work revealed that the solvent combinations have effects on the extraction of phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties. The relative methanol/water ratio of 80:20 v/v was effective solvent in the extracting of phenolic compounds. Also, there was a good correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolic content S. turcomanica extracts.
Conclusion:The results demonstrated methanol/water (80:20) ratio was the best solvent to release of many secondary metabolites from S. turcomanica for future studies, which could provide natural sources of antioxidant compounds.
Objective: Biebersteinia multifida DC is from Geraniaceae family and it is used for the treatment of skeletonmuscle disorders and rehabilitating bone fractures. In this study, three extraction methods were applied for a comparative investigation about essential oils of Biebersteinia multifida DC. Methods: three extraction methods such as hydro-distillation, solvent and microwave extractions were used for extraction of essential oils and then they were analyzed with GC-MS. Results: Microwave extraction efficiency was 1.41 and 1.52 times higher than Hydro-distillation and solvent extraction. The extraction time was 72 h, 360 min and 98.60 min for solvent extraction, hydro-distillation and microwave respectively. Essential oils were analyzed with GC-MS and the results showed 38 compounds constituting 83.6, 90.47 and 88.42% of the total oils. β-farnesene and Hexadecanoic acid are same compounds in each three methods and the major compounds were different in three methods, major compounds in hydrodistillation method were (E)-Nerolidol (31.45%), phytol (17.1 %) and Hexadecanoic acid (11.84%), major compounds via Microwave method were (E)-Nerolidol (28.4%), n-Heptacosane (17.36%), n-Docosane (12.97%) and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (10.38%), major compounds via solvent extraction method were Nonacosane (38.62%), Mandenol (17.17%) and n-Heptacosane (10.23%). Conclusion: the results of this study showed that the compounds in essential oils are dependent on the extraction way, also the results demonstrated quality of the essential oil, chemical compositions, yield efficiency and cost the operation microwave extraction was superior in extraction time and saving energy.
Objective: Cleome coluteoides belongs to Capparidaceae family and has been used in folk medicine for a long time. The aim of our research was measuring the antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities of C. coluteoides. Materials and Methods: different parts of plant were extracted by various solvents (ethyl acetate, methanol and dichloromethane). Antibacterial and antifungal activities were assayed by disk and well diffusion methods. The antioxidant activity was screened by DPPH and FRAP methods. Results: The results showed that Gram negative bacteria and fungus were resistant to various plant extracts. Flower extract of C. coluteoides had the highest inhibition effects against all of tested gram positive bacteria. Also, Bacillus cereus was the most sensitive bacteria with inhibition zone of 18 mm. In antioxidant activity assay, different extracts of C. coluteoides exhibited various antioxidant activities due to the physical and chemical properties of solvent. In a way that, methanol extract of leaves showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity at various concentrations ranged from 5-160 mg.ml-1. Among all tested extracts, the highest level of phenolics was observed in the methanol extract of flower. Discussion and Conclusion: this study demonstrates that different extracts from various parts of C. coluteoides are different in their properties, so a proper solvent would be used to extract maximum amounts of antioxidant and antibacterial components from a typical plant material.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.