BackgroundInfrared thermography is a painless, noninvasive, nonionizing diagnostic imaging exam used in human medicine as an auxiliary tool for breast cancer diagnosis in women.Hypothesis/ObjectivesDefine thermographic mean temperatures of healthy mammary glands and compare these temperatures with those of mammary glands with tumors in dogs.AnimalsFifty client‐owned female dogs were evaluated, including 20 with histopathologically confirmed mammary tumor and 30 clinically healthy (control).MethodsA randomized study using infrared thermography analyzed each mammary gland of the animals from the control group and mammary glands with tumors from the tumor group, then the thermographic temperatures obtained were compared. Thermographic exam was performed in a temperature‐controlled room with a cooled thermographic camera—Flir E‐40 (Flir Systems®)ResultsThere was significantly a higher temperature in the caudal abdominal and inguinal mammary glands than the other glands in the healthy group (P < .05). Dogs with mammary tumors had significantly higher thermographic temperature compared with unaffected glands regardless of the tumor size and the location (P < .05).Conclusions and clinical importanceThe technique seems to be able to assess for the presence of neoplasia within the mammary tissue in bitches. Further investigation is necessary to determine the impact of this technique when adopted clinically.
Infrared thermography was used to measure temperature differences of the corneal surface between nasal and temporal limbus regions and central cornea of normal dogs and dogs with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), in order to establish temperature values in normal canine eyes and in patients with decreased Schirmer tear tests (STT) values. Dogs investigated were all either patients seen at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Federal University of Paraná or normal dogs that belonged to the same institution. STT were performed in all eyes. A total of 40 control eyes (STT ≥15 mm/min) and 20 eyes with low STT values (STT ≤14 mm/min) were examined. The mean STT value for eyes with normal STT values was 22.9 ± 3.9 mm/min (mean ± standard deviation), and the mean STT value for eyes with low STT value was 7.2 ± 4.8 mm/min. The mean corneal temperature was significantly lower in eyes with low STT values than in control eyes (P < 0.0001). The following significant correlations were found: (i) Schirmer and breakup time (BUT) (P = 0.0001, r = 0.5); (ii) STT values and corneal surface temperature (P = 0.001, r = 0.256); (iii) STT values and age (P = 0.0001, r = -0.448); (iv) age and corneal surface temperature (P = 0.0001, r = -0.281); and (v) BUT and corneal surface temperature (P = 0.0001, r = 0.36). Thermography is a method that can differentiate between eyes with normal and abnormal STT values. In the future, thermography might be incorporated as part of the ophthalmic examination and perhaps become a popular ancillary test for the diagnoses of ocular surface disorders.
Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite which affects dogs as definitive hosts and several mammalian species as intermediate hosts mainly causing abortions and central nervous system disorders. The reemerging population of cart horses for carrying recycling material in urban areas of major cities in Brazil may have an impact on disease spreading, and these animals may be used as sentinels for environmental surveillance. Thus, the present study investigated the frequency of Neospora sp. antibodies in cart horses from Curitiba and surrounding areas, Paraná State, Southern Brazil. IgG antibodies against Neospora sp. were detected using indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT), and titers equal to or higher than 1:50 were considered reactive. Of all samples, 14/97 (14.4%) were positive: 2/29 (6.9%) were younger than 5; 5/26 (19.2%) between 6 and 9; and 6/31 (19.4%) older than 10 years of age. One of the 11 animals with unknown age was positive (9.1%). Cart horses are likely to be more exposed to dog feces and to Neospora sp. oocyst contamination in urban settings and a lower frequency of disease in dogs may have a negative impact on horse infection risk in these areas.
As alterações no hemograma estão direta ou indiretamente relacionadas com câncer e são pouco descritas em cadelas com neoplasia mamária. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as alterações hematológicas em 161 cadelas portadoras de neoplasia mamária e correlacionar à progressão da doença. As principais alterações hematológicas encontradas foram anemia normocítica e normocrômica e leucocitose neutrofílica, sendo ambas mais frequentes em cadelas em estádio avançado (III, IV ou V) da doença.Conclui-se que as alterações laboratoriais de anemia e leucocitose verificadas em cadelas com neoplasia mamária estão correlacionadas positivamente com o estádio avançado da doença.
This is a report of a novel inherited form of RD that affects American pit bull terriers.
RESUMO:O lavado broncoalveolar em cães é um método diagnóstico recomendado em casos de enfermidades do trato respiratório inferior, quando exames de rotina não permitem um diagnóstico conclusivo. O exame baseia-se na análise citológica e confecção de lâminas com o material a fresco, ou seja, logo após a coleta, o que pode inviabilizar a técnica em casos de difícil acesso aos laboratórios especializados. Para isso, faz-se necessário um meio de conservação das amostras, aumentando o tempo de vida útil do material a ser analisado. Assim, realizou-se o lavado broncoalveolar em quatorze cães adultos saudáveis. As amostras foram separadas em duas alíquotas: a primeira confeccionada a fresco por sedimentação em câmara de Suta, e a segunda processada uma semana depois, com a amostra conservada em formol. As lâminas foram coradas pelo corante rápido Panótico. Avaliou-se o volume infundido e o volume recuperado, o aspecto macroscópico, a contagem de células nucleadas, a análise diferencial de células e a análise descritiva das lâminas quanto à celularidade, presença de muco, hemácias, leucócitos e células, íntegras ou degeneradas. A análise estatística foi realizada com teste t, para amostras pareadas com p<0,05. Foram encontrados aumento significativo na quantidade de linfócitos e diminuição do número de macrófagos nas amostras conservadas em formol. As demais observações foram similares em ambos os grupos. Portanto, a conservação do material do lavado broncoalveolar de cão em formol, durante uma semana, preservou as células, tornando viável a técnica do lavado broncoalveolar. Palavras-chave: citologia; cão; formol; lavado broncoalveolar CYTOLOGY OF BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE OF DOGS: COMPARISON AMONG LAMINA TO FRESH AND CONSERVED IN FORMOL ABSTRACT:The bronchoalveolar lavage in dogs is a diagnostic method recommended in cases of illnesses of the caudal respiratory tract, when routine exams do not allow a diagnosis. The exam relies on the cytological analysis and fresh smear immediately after sampling, which may difficult the adequate processing at the specialized laboratories. Accordingly, a sample conservation media which increases the material time span to be analyzed would be desirable. In the present study, bronchoalveolar lavage was performed in fourteen healthy adult dogs. Samples were separate in two aliquots: one freshly made by in chamber of sedimentation, and another processed one week later, with the sample preserved in formalin. Slides were stained by quick Romanovsky-type stain (Panótico Rápido ® , Laborclin ® , Pinhais, Brazil). The infused volume, the recovered volume, the macroscopic aspect, the counting of nucleated cells, the differential cell analysis and the smear descriptive analysis such as cellularity, mucus presence, erythrocytes, leukocytes and degenerate cells were evaluated. The statistical analysis was performed with T test, for paired samples with p<0.05. Significant increase was found in the amount of lymphocytes and decrease of the macrophage numbers in formalin preserved samples. All other ob...
A orquiectomia bilateral é uma cirurgia simples e rotineira na prática eqüina, embora o potencial para complicações seja alto. A complicação mais comum é a hemorragia, que se não tratada leva ao quadro de choque e morte. Diversas técnicas e variações destas estão descritas na literatura, sendo a mais freqüentemente empregada a técnica aberta. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar duas técnicas de hemostasia aplicadass por alunos do curso de medicina veterinária, sem experiência com orquiectomia em eqüinos. Para tal foram utilizados 16 equinos machos, com idade média de seis anos (±4), que foram separados em dois grupos, aleatoriamente, por sorteio: GRUPO 1, onde os animais foram castrados utilizando-se emasculador, para promover a hemostasia vascular (n=8); GRUPO 2, com animais que foram castrados utilizando-se abraçadeiras de nylon, de 2,5 mm de largura, para promover a hemostasia (n=8). Foram mensurados os tempos do ato cirúrgico, presença de edema de prepúcio e secreção purulenta, tempo de fechamento da ferida e claudicação no pós operatório, sendo que nenhuma diferença foi observada entre os grupos. A presença de sangramento no período pós operatório imediato apresentou diferença significativa, onde o grupo castrado com o emasculador demonstrou maior grau de hemorragia. As abraçadeiras de nylon podem ser utilizadas na castração de eqüinos, sendo que neste experimento elas não apresentaram complicações associadas a curto e no longo prazo. Ambas as técnicas mostraram-se viáveis e de fácil aplicabilidade na prática docente.
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