Different communications cause cyanosis in Fontan patients. Progressive decline of percutaneous oxygen saturation is suggestive of development of venous collaterals or pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. Superfluous communications are amenable to percutaneous closure using various types of Amplatzer occluders. A novel use of an Amplatzer PFO occluder for the percutaneous closure of a lateral tunnel leak is described.
In our experience, duct closure with the Amplatzer duct occluder II is a safe and effective method. The advantages of using it are the smaller sheath sizes and softer shape.
Our initial results show that AndraStents are implantable and efficacious in different vascular stenoses and present a valuable alternative to the available large stents. With the application of a modified front-loading technique, they can also be implanted in smaller children.
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