In the framework of the research activities supported by SESAR JU, dedicated research stream is devoted to investigation of integration of Air Traffic Management (ATM) and aviation into a wider transport system able to support the implementation of Door-to-Door (D2D) travel concept. In this framework, the project X-TEAM D2D (Extended ATM for Door-to-Door Travel) has been funded by SESAR JU under the call SESAR-ER4-10-2019: ATM Role in Intermodal Transport, with Grant Agreement n. 891061. The project aims defining, developing and initially validating a Concept of Operations (ConOps) for the seamless integration of ATM and air transport into an overall intermodal network, including other available transportation means (surface, water), to support the door-to-door connectivity, in up to 4 hours, between any location in Europe, in compliance with the target assigned by the ACARE SRIA FlightPath 2050 goals. The project is focused on the consideration of ConOps for ATM and air transport integration in intermodal transport network serving urban and extended urban (up to regional level) mobility, taking into account the transportation and passengers service scenarios envisaged for the next decades, according to baseline (2025), intermediate (2035) and final (2050) time horizons. In this paper, the outcomes of the first phase of the project activities, aimed to provide the initial definition (concept outline) of the proposed overall ConOps are illustrated, emphasizing the specific activities that have been carried out up to date and the related achievements. In addition, an outlook is provided in the paper on the next project activities, expected to be carried out towards the conclusion of the studies and the validation, by means of dedicated numerical simulation campaigns, of the proposed ConOps.
The steadily growing share of air freight transport in the entire logistics industry is mainly due to the three major advantages of speed, safety and reliability. To meet the rising demands, automated transport and delivery processes are increasingly used. As part of the DLR (German Aerospace Center) research project Automated Low Altitude Delivery (ALAADy), a fully automated Unmanned Cargo Aircraft (UCA) with a payload of one ton under the precondition of the Minimum Risk Configuration is being developed in cooperation with seven DLR institutes. As a general area of application, the UCA is appropriate for the so-called "penultimate mile" in the air freight logistics chain, but in order to create optimal integration in the supply chain, the main focus is on the important link of the loading, unloading or reloading processes. The theoretical and practical concepts of this topic were examined within the study under the premise that "No infrastructure exits at destination" in order to obtain the most automated process possible for future logistics. Against this background and the still existing logistics problem of the "last mile", an UCA requires an automated delivery system. An example of this could be a robotic container based on the units of measurement widely used in logistics. It could be used both for inner-city consignments and for the delivery of goods in rough terrain. Our study shows that the interaction between an UCA and an automated robotic container-system solves both problems of the penultimate and the last mile within the logistics chain. Furthermore, the concepts of ground handling and the development of unmanned systems, including their present capabilities, were studied theoretically to design a model representing basic ground handling processes of Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles (UAVs). The intention was to create a base for further research on this matter by targeting the key requirements for ground handling processes of UCAs in the given concepts. We found out that our obtained findings, approaches for an automated turnaround of an UAV can therefore serve as a basis for future analyses in UCA ground handling and last miles logistics.
Seamless integration of air segment in the overall multimodal mobility chain is a key challenge to provide more efficient and sustainable transport services. Technology advances offer a unique opportunity to build a new generation of transport services able to match the evolving expectations and needs of society as a whole. In this context, the passenger-centric approach represents a method to inform the design of future mobility services, supporting quality of life, security and services to citizens traveling across Europe. Relying on the concepts of inclusive design, context of use and task analysis, in this article, we present a comprehensive methodological framework for the analysis of passenger characteristics to elicit features and requirements for future multimodal mobility services, including air leg, that are relevant from the perspective of passengers. The proposed methodology was applied to a series of specific use cases envisaged for three time horizons, 2025, 2035 and 2050, in the context of a European research project. Then, passenger-focused key performance indicators and related metrics were derived to be included in a validation step, with the aim of assessing the extent of benefit for passengers that can be achieved in the forecasted scenarios. The results of the study demonstrate the relevance of human variability in the design of public services, as well as the feasibility of personalized performance assessment of mobility services.
The project X-TEAM D2D (extended ATM for door-to-door travel) has been funded by SESAR JU in the framework of the research activities devoted to the investigation of integration of Air Traffic Management (ATM) and aviation into a wider transport system able to support the implementation of the door-to-door (D2D) travel concept. The project defines a concept for the seamless integration of ATM and Air Transport into an intermodal network, including other available transportation means, such as surface and waterways, to contribute to the 4 h door-to-door connectivity targeted by the European Commission in the ACARE SRIA FlightPath 2050 goals. In particular, the project focused on the design of a concept of operations for urban and extended urban (up to regional) integrated mobility, taking into account the evolution of transportation and passengers service scenarios for the next decades, according to baseline (2025), intermediate (2035) and final target (2050) time horizons. The designed ConOps encompassed both the transportation platforms integration concepts and the innovative seamless Mobility as a Service, integrating emerging technologies, such as Urban Air Mobility (e.g., electric vertical take-off and landing vehicles) and new mobility forms (e.g., micromobility vehicles) into the intermodal traffic network, including Air Traffic Management (ATM) and Unmanned Traffic Management (UTM). The developed concept has been evaluated against existing KPAs and KPIs, implementing both qualitative and quantitative performance assessment approaches, while also considering specific performance metrics related to transport integration efficiency from the passenger point of view, being the proposed solution designed to be centered around the passenger needs. The aim of this paper is to provide a description of the activities carried out in the project and to present at high level the related outcomes.
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