Introducción: El cáncer es una de las principales causas de mortalidad en México y se espera que su tasa aumente en los próximos años, principalmente debido al envejecimiento de la población; sin embargo, pocos estudios exhaustivos evaluando la mortalidad por cáncer se han publicado recientemente. Objetivo: Proporcionar una actualización de la mortalidad por cáncer en México.
Introduction: Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in México and is expected to rise in the next years mostly because of an aging population. Nevertheless, only a few comprehensive studies of cancer mortality have been published recently. Objective: Provide an update of the cancer mortality in México. Material y methods: We analyzed official death certification using data-base from Instituto Nacional Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) and population trends from Consejo Nacional de Población (CONAPO). Results: There were 85,201 deaths from cancer in México in 2015 with an overall estimated rate 70.5/105 (men 70.6/105 and women 70.1/105). From 2010 to 2015, overall cancer mortality estimated rate has increased by 5.4% from 66.6 to 70.5/105. The first five types of cancer cause of death were: prostate 10.9/105, breast 10.1/105, cervical cancer 6.4/105, lung 5.7/105 and liver 5.2/105. Death rates for lung and cervical cancers have decreased since year 2000. Conclusions: Cancer mortality rates are still increasing in México, although, some types of cancer rates are beginning to stabilize. Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in México.
Background: Most genitourinary (GU) neoplasms have several treatment options should be discussed by a multidisciplinary team. In Mexico, the status of urologic oncology clinics (UOCs) is unknown. Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the current status of UOC, determine the existence of GU-MTB, and define the resource disparities among centers in Mexico. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on an online survey developed by the Genitourinary Mexican Cooperative ResearchGroup in Oncology. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. Results: Twenty UOCs were identified and were located in 8 of 32 states. Only 50% reported having a multidisciplinary tumor board (MTB). Medical oncology, urology, and radiation oncology participated in 90% of UOCs; nursing, social work, and research staff participation were absent. Ninety percent of MTBs reported discussing all GU neoplasms, one center exclusively discussed kidney cancer cases. Conclusions: There are 20 institutions with these clinics in the country, they are located in only 3 of 32 states. The uneven geographical distribution and the unequal availability of resources reflect the disparity in access to health care services.
Introducción: En pacientes con cáncer de próstata resistente a la castración (CPRC), el estudio TROPIC estableció al cabazitaxel 25 mg/m 2 como el estándar de segunda línea de quimioterapia. Buscando reducir los efectos adversos, el estudio PROSELICA evaluó si la disminución en la dosis de cabazitaxel a 20 mg/m 2 era no inferior cumpliendo el objetivo. Planteamos este estudio para conocer los efectos secundarios del cabazitaxel en nuestra población. Materials y métodos: Pacientes > 18 años con CPRC, tratados con cabazitaxel a dosis de 20 y 25 mg/m 2 , de 2014 a 2017, en población del Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre, ISSSTE. Resultados: Se reclutaron 41 pacientes. En ambos grupos la toxicidad más común fue diarrea en > 90% de los pacientes, sin embargo, la diarrea grado 3-4 en el grupo de cabazitaxel 20 mg/m 2 fue del 24%, en comparación con el grupo de 25 mg/m 2 en el que se dio en el 31.2%. Se observó un 12% de neutropenia febril en el grupo control, en comparación a ningún paciente a dosis de 20 mg/m 2. Conclusiones: Se corrobora en nuestra población mejor tolerancia a cabazitaxel a dosis de 20 mg/m 2 comparada con 25 mg/m 2 , consideramos que debe ser un estándar el uso de dicha dosis, como parte de las herramientas disponibles para el CPRC. Palabras clave: Cabazitaxel 20 mg/m 2. Cáncer de próstata resistente a castración. Segunda línea. Efectos adversos. Adverse effects of cabazitaxel at a dose of 20 mg/m 2 vs. 25 mg/m 2 in patients with resistant castration prostate cancer: retrospective analysis of case-series
Introduction: In patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the TROPIC study established cabazitaxel 25 mg/m 2 as the standard second-line chemotherapy. In order to reduce the adverse effects, the PROSELICA study evaluated whether the decrease in the dose of cabazitaxel at 20 mg/m 2 was not inferior fulfilling the objective. We propose this study to know the side effects of cabazitaxel in our population. Materials and methods: Patients > 18 years with CRPC, treated with cabazitaxel at a dose of 20 mg/m 2 and 25 mg/m 2 , from 2014 to 2017, in a population of Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre, ISSSTE. Results: 41 patients were recruited. In both groups the most common toxicity was diarrhea in > 90% of the patients, however, grade 3-4 diarrhea in the 20 mg/m 2 cabazitaxel group was 24% compared to the 25 mg/m 2 group of 31.2%. A 12% of febrile neutropenia was observed in the control group compared to none patient at a dose of 20 mg/m 2. Conclusions: In our population, better tolerance of cabazitaxel at a dose of 20 mg/m 2 compared to 25 mg/m 2 is corroborated, we believe that the use of such dose should be a standard, as part of the tools available for the CRPC.
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