Mortality from cancer in Mexico: 2015 update

Abstract

Introduction: Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in México and is expected to rise in the next years mostly because of an aging population. Nevertheless, only a few comprehensive studies of cancer mortality have been published recently. Objective: Provide an update of the cancer mortality in México. Material y methods: We analyzed official death certification using data-base from Instituto Nacional Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) and population trends from Consejo Nacional de Población (CONAPO). Results: There were 85,201 deaths from cancer in México in 2015 with an overall estimated rate 70.5/105 (men 70.6/105 and women 70.1/105). From 2010 to 2015, overall cancer mortality estimated rate has increased by 5.4% from 66.6 to 70.5/105. The first five types of cancer cause of death were: prostate 10.9/105, breast 10.1/105, cervical cancer 6.4/105, lung 5.7/105 and liver 5.2/105. Death rates for lung and cervical cancers have decreased since year 2000. Conclusions: Cancer mortality rates are still increasing in México, although, some types of cancer rates are beginning to stabilize. Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in México.

Lung Cancer in Mexico

“…According to data from GLOBOCAN, 190,667 incident cancer cases occur in Mexico every year, among which 7811 correspond to LC cases, with a standardized rate of 5.8. 1 In terms of mortality, a total of 33,781 deaths due to LC occurred in Mexico from 2012 to 2016. In 2016 alone, 7044 deaths were attributable to LC, making this the highest-mortality neoplastic disease in Mexico; further, LC is a sub-diagnosed disease, and therefore this figure might be higher.…”

“…Mexican women tend to have a disease presentation at an earlier age, with a median of 59 years of age at diagnosis. 1…”

Variabilidad geográfica de mastografías de cáncer de mama en Jalisco, México, 2013-2015

“…Thus, breast cancer (BC) (C50) recorded 6,854 deaths 2 , i.e. an increase of 8% (n = 550) in comparison with 2015 4 , mainly in women aged > 45 years, and it outranked others, such as cervical cancer 2 , which had already been reported since 2006 5 . Moreover, according to BC mortality estimates, a continuous increase in women aged > 25 years is expected for the next few years 6 .…”

“…In view of this scenario, it has been suggested that the lack of an organized screening program 6 , capable of performing sufficient mammograms in the target population, of providing adequate diagnosis and treatment, as established by the NOM-041-SSA2-2011 standard for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, control and epidemiological surveillance of BC 7 , could partially explain the magnitude of BC-related mortality in Mexico 5 , which has been recently documented [2][3][4] . In the USA, for example, the mortality decrease over several years has been associated, in part, with the implementation of early detection strategies using mammography, together with advances in medical treatments 8 .…”

Smoking in users of a cervical cancer screening center of the Mexican government at Mexico City

“…In Mexico, cervical cancer is still a major cause of death from malignant neoplasms. [ 4 ] This cancer has different screening methods; nevertheless, the Pap smear is widely accepted by the Mexican women. [ 5 ] In addition, during the interview for cytology collection, it is systematically asked if there is a smoking habit.…”