This research was conducted to identify volatile compounds of pluchea and basil essential oils and their antioxidant capacity to scavenge a DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl) free radical and inhibit lipid peroxidation. Essential oil of pluchea and basil leaves was prepared by hydrodistillation method and then their volatile compounds were identified by GC-MS. The volatile compounds in the essential oil of pluchea leaves consist of 66 components with (10S,11S)-Himachala-3-(12)-4-diene (17.13%) made up the highest proportion of volatile compounds. Basil leaves had 70 volatile components in which the major components were (E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal (23.98%) and (Z)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal (17.35%). Total phenol levels in pluchea and basil essential oils were 275 and 209 ppm, respectively. DPPH scavenging activity of the essential oil of pluchea leaves was lower than that of basil leaves, conversely inhibition activity of lipid peroxidation in palm oil of pluchea essential oil was higher than that of basil leaves.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui mekanisme rontok bulu dan hubungan kadar hormon prolaktin dengan produksi telur. Materinya adalah itik hasil persilangan Alabio dengan Peking yaitu AP (Alabio ♂ x Peking ♀) dan PA (Peking ♂ x Alabio ♀) sebanyak 180 ekor. Peubah yang diamati adalah lama berhenti bertelur sebelum dan setelah rontok, kadar hormon prolaktin periode rontok bulu, periode produksi sebelum dan setelah rontok. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA, regresi dan korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa itik AP (23.33%) mengalami rontok bulu lebih sedikit dibandingkan itik PA (50.00%). Mekanisme rontok bulu diawali dengan berhenti bertelur, rontok bulu dan bertelur kembali. Lamanya berhenti bertelur sebelum dan setelah rontok pada itik AP tidak berbeda dengan itik PA. Konsentrasi hormon prolaktin itik AP dan PA sebelum dan setelah rontok sangat nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan periode rontok bulu. Pada periode bertelur sebelum rontok, konsentrasi hormon prolaktin itik AP sangat nyata lebih tinggi daripada itik PA. Sehingga produksi telur itik AP sebelum rontok bulu (0-16 minggu) sangat nyata lebih tinggi daripada itik PA. Produksi telur itik AP lebih tinggi daripada itik PA yaitu 256.66±6.00 vs 232.22±6.64 butir selama 48 minggu. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa hormon prolaktin berpengaruh dalam kejadian rontok bulu dan produksi telur. Kata kunci : rontok bulu, itik, hormon prolaktin, produksi telur ABSTRACTThe aims of this study were to obtain information on the mechanism of molting and the prolactin hormone levels affecting egg production. The study utilized AP (crossbred of Alabio ♂ with Peking ♀) and PA (crossbred of Peking ♂ and Alabio ♀ ducks) with a total of 180 birds. The observed variables were the duration of cessation of egg production before and after molting, the prolactin hormone level in the period of molting, the egg production period before and after molting. The data was analyzed using ANOVA, regression and correlation. The results showed that AP crossbred had fewer molting (23.33%) compared to PA (50.00%). The mechanism of molting is always preceded by cessation of egg production, molting and relaying. The prolactin hormone concentrations of AP and PA in the period before and after molting were significantly higher than in the period of molting. At the egg production period before molting, the prolactin hormone concentration of AP ducks was higher than the PA ducks. So that the egg production of AP before molting (0-16 weeks) was higher than the PA. The egg production of AP was higher than PA, 256.66±6.00 vs 232.22±6.64 eggs for 48 weeks. So it can be concluded that the prolactin hormone affects the molting and egg production.
The Phenotypic Characteristics of Alabio Duck (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) in South Kalimantan. A study on phenotypic characters was carried out to identify Alabio duck (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) being kept by smallholder. This research was conducted at Hulu Sungai Selatan (HSS), Hulu Sungai Tengah (HST) and Hulu Sungai Utara (HSU), South Kalimantan from May until November 2009. Six hundred (75 males and 525 females) the duck used in this study was Alabio duck ranged from 5-5.5 months old. The observed parameters were plumage color, color feature, plumage shine, the color of bill, feet and shank. The results showed that the ducks from three locations (HSS, HST and HSU) have same color patterns. The dominant color of the male duck is grayish white, grayish, brownish grey, blue-green and black. Whereas the female ducks of brown spotted and blackish grey. Twinkle Alabio duck plumage on males and females have the highest percentage is the glint of silver and shiny blue-green. The color of bill, feet and shank of male and female ducks were pale yellow until bright orange.
Pegagan duck is one of local duck species which comes from Ogan Ilir (OI) Regency, South Sumatera. This species is not popular, yet. But, it has spread out along Ogan river which comprises of three districts e.g Tanjung Raja, Inderalaya and Pemulutan. The ecosystem in this three districts is dominated by swampy area. As far, there is relatively limited information of Pegagan duck compared to another local duck. So, for the first step was done a reseach to identify genetic characteristic from blood protein analyses by electrophoresis method. It is expected that this information will become the bases in determining of the policy of Pegagan duck development.Polymorphism analyses of blood protein was done with 9 duck samples which taken randomly from 400 pegagan ducks. Protein locus observed were albumin (Alb), post albumin (Pa), transferrine (Tf), post transferrine-1 (Ptf-1), and post transferrine-2 (Ptf-2). Polymorphism analyses of blood protein of pegagan duck was characterized by allele A in locus Transferrine (Tf A ), Post transferrine-1 (Ptf-1 A ) and Post transferrine-2 (Ptf-2 A ) . Genetic diversity based on blood protein of Pegagan duck showed that gen frequency value in a range of 0,11 -0,94 and high heterozygosis value that was 0,62 %.
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