SummaryBackground. The increasing use of long-lasting nail aesthetic products has led to a growing number of cases of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) caused by (meth)acrylates in recent years. Objectives. To provide information on ACD caused by (meth)acrylates related to nail cosmetic products. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed files of patients with ACD caused by (meth)acrylates related to nail cosmetic products, who were patch tested between January 2011 and December 2015 in 13 departments of dermatology in Portugal. Results. Two-hundred and thirty cases of ACD caused by (meth)acrylates (55 technicians, 56 consumers, and 119 with mixed exposure) had been documented, mostly as chronic hand eczema (93%). The most common sensitizers were: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), which was positive in 90% of the tested patients, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), which was positive in 64.1%, and ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate, which was positive in 54.5%. Conclusion. HEMA and HPMA were the most frequent positive allergens. HEMA, which identified 90% of cases, can be considered to be a good screening allergen. The high number of cases of ACD caused by (meth)acrylates in nail cosmetic products certainly warrants better preventive measures at the occupational level, and specific regulation in the field of consumer safety.

Allergic contact dermatitis caused by alkyl glucosides in cosmetics does occur, and might be more frequent than suspected. In view of their common use, their identification as allergenic culprits is important.

BACKGROUND Ingrown nails are a very common problem. There are different stages of disease and diverse therapeutic options. Phenol and sodium hydroxide are commonly used agents for chemical matricectomy but both frequently entail excessive healing times. OBJECTIVE This prospective study aimed mainly to evaluate the efficacy of partial nail avulsion and selective chemical cauterization of the matrix using 80% TCA in the treatment of the ingrowing nail. METHODS One-hundred-and-thirty-three patients with 197 ingrown toenails were included in this study. Preoperatively, we tried to find predisposing factors to the disease. In the postoperative period, patients were evaluated for potential complications at days 3, 30, 180, 270 and 360. Pain was measured before surgery, as well as 24 hours and 72 hours after surgery. RESULTS There were only 3 cases (out of 197) of ingrown nail recurrence. Preoperatively, we found the presence of drainage in 82% of patients, which, following the first visit after surgery, was reduced to 19%. Persistent granulation tissue was found in 3% of the patients (versus 75% prior to surgery). The most frequent predisposing factors for the ingrown nail were excessive trimming of the lateral nail plate (63%), plantar hyperhidrosis (58%) and heavy nail folds (39%). Pain was substantially reduced after surgery. CONCLUSION It is assumed that chemical procedures for the ingrown toenail are associated with delayed healing times but our results demonstrated quick recovery. Using 80% TCA for selective matricectomy in the ingrown toenail is an effective, quick and easy method.

The acute effects of ozone (O3) on the change in lung function before and after exercise was assessed in 22 boys and 18 girls from 7 1/2 to 11 yr of age tested up to eight times over a 1 1/2-yr period outdoors (under a tarpaulin) at a school in Mexico City. Ozone and particulates were monitored at an adjacent government station, in the school yard, and under the tarp. Subjects were selected to oversample children with chronic respiratory symptoms, although children with active asthma under regular medication or FEV1 < 80% predicted were excluded. Of the participants, 21 had chronic cough, chronic phlegm, or ever wheeze with colds or apart from colds. Children performed two cycles of treadmill exercise (15 min) and rest (15 min) for a total of 1 h of intermittent exercise. Most subjects attained the target minute ventilation of 35 L/min/m2. Subjects exercised alternately during low ozone hours (8:00-10:00 A.M.) and during peak O3 hours (12:00-2:00 P.M.), to assure a range of exposures. On 85% of exercise days, the maximum daily 1-h average for ambient O3 exceeded the Mexican guideline of 110 parts per billion (ppb). O3 exposure during the hour of exercise was divided into quintiles, and the response was adjusted for repeated measures, subject having a cold, and prior outdoor exercise. Ambient O3 in the fifth quintile (mean = 229 ppb) was associated with a percentage change in FVC (-1.43% +/- 0.70), FEV1 (-2.85% +/- 0.79), FEF25-75% (-6.32 +/- 1.87) and FEV1 (-1.41% +/- 0.46).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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