The relevance of the topic is evidenced by the fact that since introduction of criminal liability for inducing an athlete in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in 2016 as well as the usage of doping against an athlete, only one person has been convicted for inducing underage athletes to use prohibited substances (p. «b» part 2 of article 2301). At the same time the problem of doping in sports is still very much discussed not only in our country, but all over the world. The subject of the research is the international and Russian anti-doping legislation, the norms of Art. 2301, 2302 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, doctrinal provisions on the topic of this work. The purpose of this work is to analyze Art. 2301 and 2302 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, identifying qualification problems and formulating possible measures to combat doping in sports. The methodological basis of this study is the basic provisions of the dialectical method of cognition, general scientific and private scientific methods, such as comparative legal, concrete sociological, formal logical, systemic and historical. In the course of the work, an empirical study was carried out in the form of a questionnaire. As a result of the study, it was found that the lack of a systematic approach and the disagreements in the scientific community on certain points related to the signs of the offenses under Art. 2301, 2302 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is one of the reasons that may affect the detection, investigation and disclosure of crimes related to the use of doping in sports.
Social networking is one of the most widespread forms of modern digital technologies today. Along with the undoubted advantages of interaction and communication between people on the Internet, the social network generates certain criminological risks, including those associated with the manifestation of various forms of deviant behavior and the creation of a new subculture. Socio-political tensions, economic problems, a decline in the general cultural level, media aggression, the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as the impersonality of the internet and its capabilities contributed to the emergence and rapid spread of online aggression. Netizens have transferred their values and personal problems to the virtual space. One of the manifestations of this deviant behavior is the trash streaming, which has not yet been legally defined. The media abounds with examples of violence, insults, humiliation of human dignity, harm to life and health committed during live broadcasts on the internet. The public and legislators have drafted a bill to amend and supplement the criminal law, proposing to criminalize the commission of such acts online. This article aims at exploring these legislative initiatives and proposals. The authors were therefore faced with the tasks of formulating a general concept of this phenomenon and analyzing the existing scientific literature and the bill criminalizing this negative phenomenon. The authors applied content analysis and general scientific methods, in particular, comparison, analysis and synthesis, statistical and deductive methods, which made it possible to formulate some general conclusions. The authors consider possible objective and subjective features of the act in question and make a conclusion about the need for additional work on the bill, taking into account, inter alia, the opinion of the scientific community.
The first step in systemic addressing the problem of corruption is the comprehension of its scale and nature. This paper explores the extent of fraud and corruption in professional sport. In addition to exploring the forms of legal response, one should mention the improper coverage of the issues of counteracting corruption in professional sport. Fraud and, specifically, corruption in sport is difficult to assess. Most of all-Russian and regional sports federations, physical culture and sports associations tend not to recognise the existence of corruption or fraud in particular sports, or claim that fraud and corruption are under control. Purpose of the study: to explore the extent of corruption and fraud in professional sport. We present a systematic review of literature that explores corruption and fraud, identifying the factors of corruption and fraud in professional sport. To search for relevant studies, the published literature was identified as based on Scimagojr, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Sage Open, in search of relevant studies. Results and novelty: Some sports federations recognise that corruption and fraud are detrimental to fair play and integrity of the professional sport. It is a good practice to develop guidelines for sportsmen in relation to a particular professional sport, which outlines the deeds recognised as corruption and fraud, sets the procedure for their registration, assessment and measures to mitigate and counteract such threats. We have outlined the specifics of motivation for corruption and fraud in professional sport, which differs from the ways of corruption in other segments (like health, education, public service). Professional sports are not characterised by such traditional stimuli for corruption and fraud as poor working conditions and low wages, due to the fact that professional sportsmen are highly paid and their work conditions and social guarantees are much better than those of most ordinary people.
The modern Russian Criminal Code provides for criminal liability for unlawfully influencing the result of a sports competition (fixed match), as well as for inducing an athlete to use or for using substances and (or) methods and means prohibited in sports against an athlete. In December 2021, the State Duma passed the first reading of the draft law on combating fixed matches. Russia is a party to international acts aimed at combating manipulation of the results of sports competitions and doping. Serious work is underway in the country to restore the sports image after the doping scandals of 2014. At the same time, official judicial statistics do not allow us to fully assess the real size of crime committed in the field of sports. There are practically no criminal cases. A significant factor that makes it difficult to understand the true state of affairs in the field of sports is its closeness and autonomy. Although articles about fixed matches and doping are systematically published in the media. It was these problems that determined the need for a comprehensive criminological study on crime in the field of sports. In the course of the research, content analysis, documentary method and general scientific methods were used, such as comparison, analysis and synthesis, statistical and specifically sociological methods, as well as deductive method. The results of the study showed that the criminal policy and the current criminal legislation in the field of sports cause well-founded criticism of scientists, lawyers, and athletes, primarily for its inefficiency.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.