No abstract

No abstract

ResumoO objetivo do artigo é propor uma reinterpretação do tradicional efeito flypaper, fenômeno que ocorre quando as transferências do governo central para os governos locais aumentam o gasto público mais do que aumentos na renda privada. Aqui as transferências mais altas podem induzir menor eficiência na coleta de impostos do que os aumentos na renda. Inicialmente construímos um modelo que aponta a possibilidade de existência de efeito flypaper no contexto de um modelo de maximização padrão por parte dos governos locais. Depois construímos scores de eficiência para os municípios brasileiros usando Free Disposable Hull (FDH), levando em consideração dois produtos: a quantidade de impostos per capita coletados localmente -receita tributária -e o tamanho da economia informal -base tributária. Finalmente, usando mínimos quadrados dois estágios e regressões Tobit, em que o instrumento é construído a partir das regras de cálculo das transferências não condicionais estabelecidas na Constituição de 1988, e onde encontramos evidência de que as transferências têm o efeito oposto (negativo) ao da renda sobre a eficiência na taxação, chegou-se à reinterpretação do efeito flypaper. Palavras-Chave efeito flypaper, eficiência, coleta de impostos AbstractThe purpose of this article is to propose a reinterpretation of the traditional flypaper effect according to which central government transfers to local governments increase public spending by more than do increases in private income. Here, higher transfers from the federal government might induce less efficiency in local tax collection opposed to the income effect. Initially, we build a model in order to point out the possible existence of that flypaper effect in a context of standard maximization on the part of local governments. Next, we construct efficiency scores for Brazilian municipalities using Free Disposable Hull (FDH), taking into consideration two outputs: amount of per capita local tax collected -tax revenue-and the size of local informal economy -tax base. Last, using two stages least squares and Tobit regressions, which the instruments is built upon the rules established in the 1988 Brazilian Constitution and where we find that unconditional transfer funds to municipalities, we estimate that transfers have the opposite effect (negative) of consumer's income on efficiency of taxation, which leads us to a reinterpretation of the flypaper effect.

No abstract

Resumo

No abstract

Purpose The extant literature on emerging economies states that the development of the institutional context contributes to the creation of hypercompetitive conditions. The purpose of this paper is to test this assertion by using data from both developing and developed countries. Design/methodology/approach The study used a probit model, Kolmogorov Smirnov tests and propensity score matching to determine the difference in persistent superior economic performance. Panel data from 600 firms in 26 different countries were used for the period from 1995 to 2011. Findings The empirical results support the proposition that there is a significant difference in superior economic performance and persistent superior economic performance sustainability between firms in developed and developing countries. Originality/value This study contributes by fostering other theories related to competitive advantages and giving special emphasis to the comparison between developed and developing countries.

No abstract