Background: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is the most common inherited neuropathy. CMT is classified into 2 main subgroups: CMT type 1 (CMT1; demyelinating form) and CMT type 2 (CMT2; axonal form). The objectives of this study were to systematically review and assess the quality of studies reporting the incidence and/or prevalence of CMT worldwide. Summary: A total of 802 studies were initially identified, with only 12 meeting the inclusion criteria. CMT prevalence was reported in 10 studies and ranged from 9.7/100,000 in Serbia to 82.3/100,000 in Norway. The frequency of the main subtypes varied from 37.6 to 84% for CMT1 and from 12 to 35.9% for CMT2; the country with the lowest prevalence of CMT1 was Norway, and the country with the highest prevalence of CMT1 was Iceland; on the other hand, CMT2 was least prevalent in the United Kingdom and most prevalent in Norway. Key Messages: This review reveals the gaps that still exist in the epidemiological knowledge of CMT around the world. Published studies are of varying quality and utilise different methodologies, thus precluding a robust conclusion. Additional research focusing on epidemiological features of CMT in different nations and different ethnic groups is needed.

Since its first isolation in 1844, usnic acid [2,6-diacetyl-7,9-dihydroxy-8,9b-dimethyl-1,3(2H,9bH)-dibenzo-furandione] has become the most extensively studied lichen metabolite and one of the few that are commercially available. Lichens belonging to usnic acid-containing genera have been used as crude drugs throughout the world. There are indications of usnic acid being a potentially interesting candidate for such activities as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, healing, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antiviral, larvicidal and UV protection. However, some studies reported the liver toxicity and contact allergy. Thus, further studies are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of usnic acid.

The aim of this study was assess the effect of collagen-based films containing usnic acid as a wound dressing for dermal burn healing. Second-degree burn wounds were performed in forty-five Wistar rats, assigned into nine groups: COL—animals treated with collagen-based films; PHO—animals treated with collagen films containing empty liposomes; UAL—animals treated with collagen-based films containing usnic acid incorporated into liposomes. After 7, 14, and 21 days the animals were euthanized. On 7th day there was a moderate infiltration of neutrophils, in UAL, distributed throughout the burn wounds, whereas in COL and PHO, the severity of the reaction was slighter and still limited to the margins of the burn wounds. On the 14th day, the inflammatory reaction was less intense in UAL, with remarkable plasma cells infiltration. On the 21st day, there was reduction of the inflammation, which was predominantly composed of plasma cells in all groups, particularly in UAL. The use of the usnic acid provided more rapid substitution of type-III for type-I collagen on the 14th day, and improved the collagenization density on the 21st day. It was concluded that the use of reconstituted bovine type-I collagen-based films containing usnic acid improved burn healing process in rats.

Based on this review, we could observe that the main inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress markers analyzed were TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6, IL-1β, nuclear factor kappa β, MDA, and MPO. However, it is necessary to increase the rigor of study design and data, in order to have studies that are more homogeneous and with appropriate methodological quality.

O Programa de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde nasceu em 1991 com o objetivo de contribuir para melhoria da qualidade de vida da população, tendo como protagonistas os agentes comunitários de saúde. Diante disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a presença da Síndrome de Burnout em agentes comunitários de saúde de Aracaju (SE). A coleta de dados foi realizada com 222 agentes comunitários de saúde das 43 unidades de saúde da família de Aracaju. Os instrumentos da pesquisa foram: ficha de identificação produzida pelos autores para verificar a situação socioeconômica e ocupacional dos profissionais; questionários Job Stress Scale e Maslach Burnout Inventory. Os resultados mostraram que em relação à exposição ao estresse, 57,2% apresentam alta demanda psicológica e alto controle sobre o trabalho; 10,8% dos agentes comunitários de saúde demonstram moderada tendência à Síndrome de Burnout e 29,3% apresentam características equivalentes à doença. Essas características podem estar relacionadas à frustação relacionada à ineficácia da resolutividade dos problemas e ao grande envolvimento dos agentes comunitários de saúde com a sua comunidade. Diante disso, é necessário criar estratégias de intervenção que busquem a prevenção de problemas psicossociais presentes nesses profissionais da saúde.

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Cyclodextrins (CDs) are cyclic oligosaccharides can enhance the bioavailability of drugs. Ocimum basilicum is an aromatic plant found in Brazil used in culinary. The essential oil of this plant presents anti-edematogenic and anti-inflammatory activities in acute and chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oil obtained from O. basilicum complexed with β - cyclodextrin (OBEO/β-CD) in mice. The complexation with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was performed by different methods and analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using mice models of paw edema induced by carrageenan, dextran, histamine and arachidonic acid (AA); vascular permeability and peritonitis induced by carrageenan and granuloma induced by cotton block introduction. The DSC, TG and SEM analysis indicated that the OBEO was successfully complexed with β-CD. The oral administration of OEOB/β-CD prevented paw edema formation by decreasing vascular permeability in vivo, inhibited leukocyte recruitment to the peritoneal cavity, and inhibited granuloma formation in mice. Our results indicate that conjugation with β-CD improves the anti-inflammatory effects of OBEO in mice models of acute and chronic inflammation, indicating that this complex can be used in anti-inflammatory drug development.