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What are the novel findings of this work?This study provides tools for the prenatal diagnosis of different types of rhombencephalosynapsis (RES) and the identification of central-nervous-system-associated findings. Partial RES often presents with near-normal cerebellar morphology in axial views and poses a considerable diagnostic challenge. Brainstem anomalies are commonly present, possibly being an inherent part of the midbrain-hindbrain malformative process leading to RES. What are the clinical implications of this work?RES should be considered in every fetus with transverse cerebellar diameter < 3 rd centile, flattening or absence of the valleculla (round-shaped cerebellum) and early

The MRI showed a detailed scenario of the abnormality with advantages over the US evaluation in regard to excluding cloacal anomalies. MRI allowed accurate sexual differentiation and may be indicated after suspected bladder exstrophy on US evaluation.