What are the novel findings of this work?This study provides tools for the prenatal diagnosis of different types of rhombencephalosynapsis (RES) and the identification of central-nervous-system-associated findings. Partial RES often presents with near-normal cerebellar morphology in axial views and poses a considerable diagnostic challenge. Brainstem anomalies are commonly present, possibly being an inherent part of the midbrain-hindbrain malformative process leading to RES. What are the clinical implications of this work?RES should be considered in every fetus with transverse cerebellar diameter < 3 rd centile, flattening or absence of the valleculla (round-shaped cerebellum) and early

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