This file was created by scanning the printed publication.Errors identified by the software have been corrected; however, some errors may remain. PREFACE CONTENTSThe BURN subsystem of the BEHAVE system is made up of state-of-the-art fire behavior prediction models . These models are the culmination of many years of research. not only from the lntermountain Fire Sciences Laboratory. but from fire research throughout the world . As additional mathematical models become available. they will be added . In this way. we plan to use BEHAVE as a means of getting research products into application . Therefore. BEHAVE will change . In most cases. this means additions t o the system . However. it is possible that revisions will be made t o existing models . The version number of the program will be used to keep track of the changes . Version 2.1 was used in preparing this manual . The version number of the program is printed at the beginning of each run along with the welcome . Future versions of programs in the BURN subsystem will print the version number with the predictions .At the time of this writing we are working on an update to the system. BURN Subsystem . Part 2 . A rnanual similar to this will be prepared .

This publication has been revised to reflect updates made to version 3 of the BehavePlus software, it was originally published as the BehavePlus fire modeling system, version 2.0 User's Guide in June, 2003 The BehavePlus fire modeling system is a program for personal computers that is a collection of mathematical models that describe fire and the fire environment. It is a flexible system that produces tables, graphs, and simple diagrams. It can be used for a multitude of fire management applications including projecting the behavior of an ongoing fire, planning prescribed fire, and training. BehavePlus is the successor to the BEHAVE fire behavior prediction and fuel modeling system. Primary modeling capabilities include surface fire spread and intensity, crown fire spread and intensity, safety zone size, size of point source fire, fire containment, spotting distance, crown scorch height, tree mortality, wind adjustment, and probability of ignition. The User's Guide describes operation of the program. Other papers describe the models and application of the system.

Methods are presented for analysing the relationship between fire danger rating indexes and fire activity as a means of evaluating the performance of fire danger rating systems. Percentile analysis is used to examine the data itself; logistic regression provides a means for statistical analysis. Ranking of selected items indicates indexes that deserve further assessment using subjective considerations. Methods rely on generally available data: the fire danger index for every day in the fire season, fire discovery date, and final fire size. For logistic regression analysis, the independent variable is the index, and dependent variables are fire-day, large-fire-day, and multiple-fire-day. Data analysis methods have been incorporated into the FireFamily Plus computer program for easy application. Potential uses of the analysis include choosing the most appropriate fire danger index and fuel model for an area, evaluating proposed changes to a fire danger rating system, and assessing the performance of a system in a location other than that for which it was designed. As a demonstration, this technique was applied to evaluation of several indexes and fuel models of the U.S. National Fire Danger Rating System on the Tonto National Forest in Arizona, USA, using fire and weather data for 1974–2001.

Abstract. The BehavePlus Fire Modeling System is among the most widely used systems for wildland fire prediction. It is designed for use in a range of tasks including wildfire behaviour prediction, prescribed fire planning, fire investigation, fuel hazard assessment, fire model understanding, communication and research. BehavePlus is based on mathematical models for fire behaviour, fire effects and fire environment. It is a point system for which conditions are constant for each calculation, but is designed to encourage examination of the effect of a range of conditions through tables and graphs. BehavePlus is successor to BEHAVE, which was developed in 1977 and became available for field application in 1984. It was updated to BehavePlus in 2002. Updates through version 5 have added features and modelling capabilities. It is becoming increasingly difficult to expand the system. A redesign will address the need for consolidation with other systems and make it easier to incorporate new research results. This paper describes the development history and application of BehavePlus. The design, features and modelling foundation of the current system are described. Considerations for the next generation are presented.

This publication has been revised to reflect updates to version 4.0 of the BehavePlus software. It was originally published as the BehavePlus fire modeling system, version 4.0: Variables in July, 2008.The BehavePlus fire modeling system is a computer program based on mathematical models that describe wildland fire behavior and effects and the fire environment. It is a flexible system that produces tables, graphs, and simple diagrams. It can be used for a host of fire management applications including projecting the behavior of an ongoing fire, planning prescribed fire, fuel hazard assessment, and training. The BehavePlus program automatically creates a worksheet that requests the required input variables based on the modules, output variables, and options selected by the user. This is a reference paper that describes the 189 variables in BehavePlus, with information on input and output relationships. A User's Guide describes operation of the program and can be accessed at http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs/rmrs_gtr106.html.

The BURN subsystem of the BEHAVE system is made up of state-of-the-art fire behavior prediction models. These models are the culmination of many years of research. not only from the lntermountain Fire Sciences Laboratory. but from fire research throughout the world. As additional mathematical models become available. they will be added. In this way. we plan to use BEHAVE as a means of getting research products into application. Therefore. BEHAVE will change. In most cases. this means additions t o the system. However. it is possible that revisions will be made t o existing models. The version number of the program will be used to keep track of the changes. Version 2.1 was used in preparing this manual. The version number of the program is printed at the beginning of each run along with the welcome. Future versions of programs in the BURN subsystem will print the version number with the predictions. At the time of this writing we are working on an update to the system. BURN Subsystem. Part 2. A rnanual similar to this will be prepared .

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