BehavePlus fire modeling system, version 4.0: User's Guide

Andrews, Patricia L.; Bevins, Collin D.; Seli, Robert C.

doi:10.2737/rmrs-gtr-106

Cited by 159 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…He chose this kind of vegetation because of its clear stratification and its low fuel arrangement variability compared with naturally regenerated areas. Although Rothermel's [68] and Van Wagner's [80,81] models have empirical character and present various assumptions and limitations, nevertheless they have been incorporated in most wildland fire predictions systems such as the Canadian Forest Fire Prediction System [32], FARSITE [31], NEXUS [70] and BehavePlus version 3 [12]. Cruz et al [22,25] modeled crown fire rate of spread through non-linear regression analysis based on an experimental dataset which covered a broad spectrum of fuel complexes and fire behavior characteristics.…”

Section: Crown Fire Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canopy fuel characteristics and potential crown fire behavior in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) forests

Mitsopoulos

Dimitrakopoulos

2007

Ann. For. Sci.

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-Canopy fuel characteristics that influence the initiation and spread of crown fires were measured in representative Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) stands in Greece. Vertical distribution profiles of canopy fuel load, canopy base height and canopy bulk density are presented. Aleppo pine canopy fuels are characterized by low canopy base height (3.0−6.5 m), while available canopy fuel load (0.96−1.80 kg/m 2 ) and canopy bulk density (0.09−0.22 kg/m 3 ) values are similar to other conifers worldwide. Crown fire behavior (probability of crown fire initiation, crown fire type, rate of spread, fireline intensity and flame length) in Aleppo pine stands with various understory fuel types was simulated with the most updated crown fire models. The probability of crown fire initiation was high even under moderate burning conditions, mainly due to the low canopy base height and the heavy surface fuel load. Passive crown fires resulted mostly in uneven aged stands, while even aged stands gave high intensity active crown fires. Assessment of canopy fuel characteristics and potential crown fire behavior can be useful in fuel management and fire suppression planning.canopy fuels / crown fires / fire behavior / Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) / Mediterranean Basin Résumé -Caractéristiques des combustibles de la canopée et comportement du potentiel de feu des couronnes de forêts de Pin d'Alep (Pinus halepensis Mill.). Les caractéristiques des combustibles qui influencent le démarrage et la propagation des feux de couronnes ont été mesurées dans des peuplements représentatifs de Pinus halepensis Mill. en Grèce. Des profils verticaux de la charge en combustible de la canopée, la hauteur de la base de la canopée et la densité volumique de la canopée sont présentés. La charge combustible de la canopée est caractérisée par une faible hauteur de la base de la canopée (3,0−6,5 m), tandis que la charge en combustible disponible (0,96−1,80 kg/m 2 ) et la densité volumique de la canopée (0,09−0,22 kg/m 3 ) sont similaires à celles des autres conifères dans le monde. Le comportement du feu de couronne (probabilité de démarrage du feu dans les couronnes, type de feu de couronne, taux de propagation, intensité de la ligne de feu et longueur des flammes) dans les peuplements de Pinus halepensis avec différents types de combustibles de sous-bois a été simulé avec le maximum de modèles actuels de feux de couronnes. La probabilité de démarrage de feu de couronne était forte même en conditions de faible embrasement, principalement en relation avec la faible hauteur de la base des couronnes et la forte charge en combustible au sol. Des feux passifs de couronnes se produisent principalement dans les peuplements inéquiennes tandis que les peuplements équiennes ont présenté de fortes intensités de feux actifs de couronnes. L'évaluation des caractéristiques des combustibles de la canopée et le comportement du potentiel de feu peuvent être très utiles pour la gestion des combustibles et la planification de la lutte contre les feux. c...

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Section: Crown Fire Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canopy fuel characteristics and potential crown fire behavior in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) forests

Mitsopoulos

Dimitrakopoulos

2007

Ann. For. Sci.

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“…The perimeter of the fire at the end of each short time step is then defined by a line that encloses each of these new wavelets. Finney (1998) combined Richards (1990), BEHAVE (Andrews et al 2005), and the basic fire-spread models of Rothermel (1972Rothermel ( , 1983 to develop a fire growth modelling platform, FARSITE, which has been used for operational fire behaviour analysis, planning and research. Finney (2002) later developed a more efficient algorithm to simulate fire growth, similar to that of Kourtz et al (1977), based on minimum travel time methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining fire spread event days for fire-growth modelling

Podur

Wotton

2011

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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Abstract. Forest fire managers have long understood that most of a fire's growth typically occurs on a small number of days when burning conditions are conducive for spread. Fires either grow very slowly at low intensity or burn considerable area in a 'run'. A simple classification of days into 'spread events' and 'non-spread events' can greatly improve estimates of area burned. Studies with fire-growth models suggest that the Canadian Forest Fire Behaviour Prediction System (FBP System) seems to predict growth well during high-intensity 'spread events' but tends to overpredict rate of spread for non-spread events. In this study, we provide an objective weather-based definition of 'spread events', making it possible to assess the probability of having a spread event on any particular day. We demonstrate the benefit of incorporating this 'spread event' day concept into a fire-growth model based on the Canadian FBP System.

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“…Table 2-2-Fuel moisture time lag, size class and description (Schroeder and Buck 1970). These size classes are commonly used in fire danger rating (Deeming and others 1978), fire behavior prediction (Rothermel 1972, Albini 1976, Andrews 2008, and fuel consumption calculations (Reinhardt andothers 2005, Ottmar andothers 2007 Finely divided (small) fuel particles have high SAVs, wet and dry quickly, and ignite and burn out quickly. The larger the SAV, the faster particles ignite and burn (table 2-2).…”

Section: Fire Behavior and Effects: Concepts And Models _____________mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vegetative biomass fuels are of a class of chemicals called polymers consisting of cellulose (41-53%), hemicellulose (15-20%), and lignin (16-33%), with lesser amounts of secondary plant metabolites (for example fats, oils, waxes, resin), and minerals (calcium, potassium, magnesium, silica) (DeBano and others 1998;Grishin 1997;Pyne and others 1996;Ward 2001). Wildland fuels are described by their physical and chemical properties when modeling fire danger or potential fire behavior in the United States (Albini 1976;Andrews 2005;Deeming and others 1977;Rothermel 1972), but in Canada they are described by a vegetation-based physiognomic nomenclature (for example, dominant species composition and stand structure) (Hirsch 1996;Stocks and others 1989;Wotton and others 2009). Likewise, field ecology studies primarily rely on vegetative physiognomic characteristics to characterize fuels and fire potential.…”

Section: Fire Behavior and Effects: Concepts And Models _____________mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildland fire in ecosystems: effects of fire on cultural resources and archaeology

Ryan¹,

Jones²,

Koerner³

et al. 2012

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This state-of-knowledge review provides a synthesis of the effects of fire on cultural resources, which can be used by fire managers, cultural resource (CR) specialists, and archaeologists to more effectively manage wildland vegetation, fuels, and fire. The goal of the volume is twofold: (1) to provide cultural resource/archaeological professionals and policy makers with a primer on fuels, fire behavior, and fire effects to enable them to work more effectively with the fire management community to protect resources during fuels treatment and restoration projects and wildfire suppression activities; and (2) to provide fire and land management professionals and policy makers with a greater understanding of the value of cultural resource protection and the methods available to evaluate and mitigate risks to CR. The synthesis provides a conceptual fire effects framework for planning, managing, and modeling fire effects (chapter1) and a primer on fire and fuel processes and fire effects prediction modeling (chapter 2). A synthesis of the effects of fire on various cultural resource materials is provided for ceramics (chapter 3), lithics (chapter 4), rock art (chapter 5), historic-period artifacts/materials (chapter 6), and below-ground features (chapter 7). Chapter 8 discusses the importance of cultural landscapes to indigenous peoples and emphasizes the need to actively involve native people in the development of collaborative management plans. The use and practical implications of this synthesis are the subject of the final chapter (chapter 9).Keywords: cultural resources, heritage resources, archaeology, fire regime, fire environment, fuels management, fire management, fire planning, wildfire, prescribed fire, First-Order fire effects, Second-Order fire effects, Third-Order fire effects, Burned Area Emergency Rehabilitation (BAER), fire severity, traditional cultural knowledge (TKE), cultural landscapesTo order, check any box or boxes below, fill in the address form, and send to the mailing address listed below. Or send your order and your address in mailing label form to one of the other listed media.RMRS-GTR-42-vol. 1. Wildland fire in ecosystems: effects of fire on fauna. Send to: ________________________________________________________________________________ Name RMRS-GTR ________________________________________________________________________________ AddressYou may order additional copies of this publication by sending your mailing information in label form through one of the following media. Please specify the publication title and number. Publishing ServicesTelephone ( Summary ____________________________________Cultural resources refer to the physical evidence of human occupations that cultural resource specialists and archaeologists use to reconstruct the past. This includes the objects, locations, and landscapes that play a significant role in the history or cultural traditions of a group of people. Cultural resources include artifacts of historical significance left by prehistoric aboriginal p...

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BehavePlus fire modeling system, version 4.0: User's Guide

Cited by 159 publications

References 7 publications

Canopy fuel characteristics and potential crown fire behavior in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) forests

Canopy fuel characteristics and potential crown fire behavior in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) forests

Defining fire spread event days for fire-growth modelling

Wildland fire in ecosystems: effects of fire on cultural resources and archaeology

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