Current status and future needs of the BehavePlus Fire Modeling System

Andrews, Patricia L.

doi:10.1071/wf12167

Cited by 168 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…We used two sampling strategies: one designed to characterize vertical and horizontal fine fuel (i.e., 1 h fuels; <0.6 cm diameter twigs and leaves) structure and the other aimed at creating fuel models to simulate potential fire behavior using BehavePlus 5.0.5 [21]. To quantify fine fuel structure at each treatment, we followed the point-intercept method [4,31].…”

Section: Fuel Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the fire behavior modeling software BehavePlus 5.0.5 [21] to estimate differences in potential fire behavior among the five selected treatments. This simulation software is based on Rothermel's mathematical model of wildfire spread [34] and has been widely used to characterize potential fire behavior (e.g., [35,36]).…”

Section: Fire Behavior Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also compared fuel structure among three levels of invasion with progressively higher basal areas and older ages of establishment and between plantations with pruned basal branches vs. unpruned plantations. We used fuel characterizations and additional quantifications of fuel loads to evaluate the effects of pine-induced fuel changes on fire behavior under two fire danger scenarios of contrasting fuel moisture and wind speed utilizing the modeling software BehavePlus 5.0.5 (US Forest Service and Systems for Environmental Management, Missoula, MT, USA) [21,22]. This will allow the assessment of the relative ecological vulnerability to fire of the most common forestry and invasion scenarios in the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pine Plantations and Invasion Alter Fuel Structure and Potential Fire Behavior in a Patagonian Forest-Steppe Ecotone

Paritsis

Landesmann

Kitzberger

et al. 2018

Forests

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Abstract:Planted and invading non-native plant species can alter fire regimes through changes in fuel loads and in the structure and continuity of fuels, potentially modifying the flammability of native plant communities. Such changes are not easily predicted and deserve system-specific studies. In several regions of the southern hemisphere, exotic pines have been extensively planted in native treeless areas for forestry purposes and have subsequently invaded the native environments. However, studies evaluating alterations in flammability caused by pines in Patagonia are scarce. In the forest-steppe ecotone of northwestern Patagonia, we evaluated fine fuels structure and simulated fire behavior in the native shrubby steppe, pine plantations, pine invasions, and mechanically removed invasions to establish the relative ecological vulnerability of these forestry and invasion scenarios to fire. We found that pine plantations and their subsequent invasion in the Patagonian shrubby steppe produced sharp changes in fine fuel amount and its vertical and horizontal continuity. These changes in fuel properties have the potential to affect fire behavior, increasing fire intensity by almost 30 times. Pruning of basal branches in plantations may substantially reduce fire hazard by lowering the probability of fire crowning, and mechanical removal of invasion seems effective in restoring original fuel structure in the native community. The current expansion of pine plantations and subsequent invasions acting synergistically with climate warming and increased human ignitions warrant a highly vulnerable landscape in the near future for northwestern Patagonia if no management actions are undertaken.

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Section: Fuel Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fire Behavior Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pine Plantations and Invasion Alter Fuel Structure and Potential Fire Behavior in a Patagonian Forest-Steppe Ecotone

Paritsis

Landesmann

Kitzberger

et al. 2018

Forests

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“…t s 6 N Cores t avail 0:6 C 0:4 N Cores (4) As shown in Table I, an individual computed serially with an execution time between 0 and t avail must be classified as A. That class uses one core per simulation, and its execution time meets the time restriction of the generation.…”

Section: Time Aware Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…been implemented in computer simulators [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. In recent years, many efforts have been oriented towards enhancing both the quality of those simulation tools and the feasibility of putting them into operational environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time aware genetic algorithm for forest fire propagation prediction: exploiting multi‐core platforms

Artés

Cencerrado

Margalef

2016

Concurrency and Computation

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SUMMARYForest fire propagation prediction is a crucial issue when fighting these hazards as efficiently as possible. Several propagation models have been developed and integrated in computer simulators. Such models require a set of input parameters that, in some cases, are difficult to know or even estimate precisely beforehand Therefore, a calibration technique based on genetic algorithm (GA) was introduced to reduce the uncertainty in input parameters values and improve the accuracy of the predictions. Such a technique requires the execution of a set of simulations and several iterations of the process to calibrate the values of the input parameters. To reduce the execution time of this calibration stage, an Message Passing Interface master/worker scheme was developed to distribute the simulations of one iteration among the worker processes. However, the execution time of each simulation varies drastically depending on the particular input parameters used, provoking a significant load imbalance. To overcome this imbalance and reduce execution time to operational requirements, core allocation policies have been developed. These policies are based on execution time estimation and classification of simulations according to the estimated execution time. Then, multicore capabilities of the current systems are applied to devote more resources (cores) to the longest simulations reducing the load imbalance. These simulations that are estimated as taking too long, even when many resources are devoted to them, require especial consideration. So, a generation time limit has been introduced, and three different strategies have been designed considering individuals that exceed the generation execution time limit. In the first one, the longest individuals are replaced before starting the execution with shorter individuals (Time Aware Core allocation with replacement). In the second one, these individuals are executed, but when the generation limit is reached, the individuals still executing are killed (Time Aware Core allocation without replacement). In the third one, all the individuals are executed normally, and when the generation time limit is reached, the GA is applied considering the individuals that have finished their executions, while the individuals still executing are allowed to continue running and are considered by the GA when they finish. The three strategies have been tested in real scenarios, and the results show these policies significantly improve the calibration accuracy within the superimposed deadlines.

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Pre‐fire drought and competition mediate post‐fire conifer mortality in western U.S. National Parks

Mantgem

Falk

Williams

et al. 2018

Ecological Applications

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Tree mortality is an important outcome of many forest fires. Extensive tree injuries from fire may lead directly to mortality, but environmental and biological stressors may also contribute to tree death. However, there is little evidence showing how the combined effects of two common stressors, drought and competition, influence post-fire mortality. Geographically broad observations of three common western coniferous trees subjected to prescribed fire showed the likelihood of post-fire mortality was related to intermediate-term (10 yr) pre-fire average radial growth, an important component of tree vigor. Path analysis showed that indices of competition and drought stress prior to fire can be described in terms of joint effects on growth, indirectly affecting post-fire mortality. Our results suggest that the conditions that govern the relationship between growth and mortality in unburned stands may also apply to post-fire environments. Thus, biotic and abiotic changes that affect growth negatively (e.g., drought stress) or positively (e.g., growth releases following thinning treatments) prior to fire may influence expressed fire severity, independent of fire intensity (e.g., heat flux, residence time). These relationships suggest that tree mortality may increase under stressful climatic or stand conditions even if fire behavior remains constant.

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Current status and future needs of the BehavePlus Fire Modeling System

Cited by 168 publications

References 52 publications

Pine Plantations and Invasion Alter Fuel Structure and Potential Fire Behavior in a Patagonian Forest-Steppe Ecotone

Pine Plantations and Invasion Alter Fuel Structure and Potential Fire Behavior in a Patagonian Forest-Steppe Ecotone

Time aware genetic algorithm for forest fire propagation prediction: exploiting multi‐core platforms

Pre‐fire drought and competition mediate post‐fire conifer mortality in western U.S. National Parks

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