No abstract

To fertirrigation with residual water as to vinasse it can be a viable alternative for nutrition and water supply for Sugarcane. In this sense, or present study as objective, a descriptive analysis on the production of the Sugarcane during 5 harvests in the function of the application of vinasse in a non-Southwest Goiano energy industry. There were pigtails given from the productivity of forty plots different cultivated with sugar cane for 5 years (crops 14/15; 15/16; 16/17; 17/18; 18/19), in each crop were selected four areas with 2nd crops; 3rd; 4th and 5th in the condition of drying and fertigation with vinasse. You are given were analyzed by means of descriptive statistic in the electronic spreadsheet (Excel) with a reliability level of 95%, it was calculated on the average for the cuts and the subsequent calculation or deviation pattern, the were results presented in tables and figures. Comparing the fertirrigated areas with vinasse and dryland, the fertirrigated areas will present higher average producís to the dryland in 7.51; 12.48; 15.29 and 16.43% for the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th cut, respectively. Fertigation with vinasse promotes productivity increases for the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th cut in relation to the rainfed condition. To sugar cane. The vinasse used via fertigation is recommended to suppress the hydric and nutrient needs, it is essential not to grow sugarcane.

Study of the mechanical characteristics of agricultural products is crucial to the development of equipment that can achieve the maximum efficiency without compromising the final product quality. Seeds crack and break when exposed to stresses that exceed their resistance to rupture. In this study, we aim to assess the mechanical properties of saccharine sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) seeds at different moisture contents. The seeds were harvested in the municipality of Santa Helena-GO, Brazil and indicated an initial moisture content of 0.307 (d.b.). For each moisture content obtained (0.307, 0.258, 0.212, 0.170, 0.130, and 0.093 d.b.), samples were homogenized and subsequently analyzed. Compressive tests were performed through uniaxial tests in a sample of 15 seeds for each moisture content. In these tests, the "TA Hdi Texture Analyzer" universal testing machine was used, with a 250-N compression load cell. Our results indicated that the compressive force required to deform saccharine sorghum seeds decreased with increasing moisture content, whereas values of proportional modulus of deformity increased with both reduced moisture content and deformation. In addition, the reduction in moisture content caused an increase in the force required to rupture the seeds.

The Brazilian Cerrado biome provides relevant ecosystem services for Brazil and South America, being strategic for the planning and management of water resources as well as for agribusiness. The objective was to evaluate the water quality along the course of the Córrego da Formiga in a virgin portion of the Brazilian Cerrado, the relationship of land use with physical-chemical and biological parameters of the water, and the inflow of the tributary. Five water collection points were defined (between the source and mouth) and observed on a quarterly scale in 2015, water samples were collected and analyzed for physical-chemical and biological parameters in the laboratory, and flow measurements were performed at the same point and day of water collection. To identify and quantify land use and land cover (LULC) in the watershed, an image from the Landsat8-OLI satellite was obtained, and other geomorphological data from hypsometry (Topodata-INPE) were obtained to generate the slope, basin delimitation, and contribution area for each water collection point. The LULC percentages for each area of contribution to the water collection points were correlated with the physical-chemical and biological parameters of the water and submitted to multivariate analysis (PLS-DA) for analysis and grouping among the five analyzed points. Changes in water-quality patterns were more pronounced concerning the time when the first and last sampling was performed (rainy period) and may be influenced by the increase in the volume of water in these periods. The stream flow is highly variable over time and between points, with the lowest recorded flow being 0.1 L s−1 (P1) and the highest being 947.80 L s−1 (P5). Córrego da Formiga has class III water quality (CONAMA resolution 357), which characterizes small restrictions on the use of water for multiple uses. The soil cover with native vegetation is just over 12%, while the predominance was of the classes of sugar cane (62.42%) and pasture (19.33%). The PLS-DA analysis allowed separating the water analysis points between P1, P2, P3, and P5, while P4 was superimposed on others. It was also possible to verify that the parameters that weighed the most for this separation of water quality were pH, alkalinity_T, alkalinity_h, calcium, and hardness, all with a tendency to increase concentration from the source (P1) to the mouth (P5). As for water quality, it was also possible to verify that points P2 and P5 presented better water-quality conditions.

Eficiência de distribuição do sistema de irrigação, por meio de um veículo aéreo não tripulado de baixo custo Efficiency of irrigation system distribution through a low-cost unmanned aerial vehicle

The objective of this study was to develop and calibrate a photovoltaic-powered soil moisture sensor (SMS) for irrigation management. Soil moisture readings obtained from the sensor were compared with gravimetric measurements. An automated SMS was used in two trials: (i) okra crop (Abelmoschus esculentus) and (ii) chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens). All sensors were calibrated and automated using an Arduino Mega board with C++. The soil moisture data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. The data recorded by the equipment was correlated with the gravimetric method. The determination coefficient (R2), Pearson correlation (r), and root mean square error (RMSE) were adopted as criteria for equipment validation. The results show that our SMS achieved an R2 value of 0.70 and an r value of 0.84. Notably, there was a striking similarity observed between SMS and gravimetric data, with RMSE values of 3.95 and 4.01, respectively. The global model developed exhibited highly efficient outcomes with R2 (0.98) and r (0.99) values. The applicability of the developed SMS facilitates irrigation management with accuracy and real-time monitoring using digital data. The automation of the SMS emerges as a real-time and precise alternative for performing irrigation at the right moment and in the correct amount, thus avoiding water losses.

RESUMOEstudos sobre o monitoramento dos componentes hidrológicos e a oferta dos recursos hídricos são importantes para garantir o uso consciente e sustentável da água. Este estudo teve o objetivo de monitorar a oferta de água nos principais ribeirões de cinco bacias hidrográfica, realizar a caracterização morfométrica, e as relações da vazão com o uso e cobertura do solo nas nascentes e na área de contribuição dos ribeirões em Santa Helena de Goiás, GO. A delimitação das bacias e mapas temáticos foi realizada nos softwares GRASS e QGIS, a caracterização morfométrica foi realizada por meio dos cálculos dos parâmetros de coeficiente de compacidade, fator forma, índice de circularidade, densidade hidrográfica, índice de sinuosidade e densidade de drenagem, e os dados das vazões foram medidos em pontos próximo a foz de cada ribeirão durante o ano de 2017. Houve redução da vazão dos ribeirões em função da redução da precipitação pluviométrica nas bacias. Aproximadamente 10% das áreas de APP das nascentes encontram-se antropizadas. Há um alto grau por uso agrícola nas bacias e baixo percentual de áreas de vegetação natural. As bacias hidrográficas possuem formato alongado com baixa propensão para ocorrência de enchentes. Os Ribeirões São Tomás, Laje e Lagoa apresentam maiores vazão por unidade de área de contribuição dos canais, indicando que outros elementos podem influenciar na vazão final do ribeirão além da área da bacia.

A vinhaça é subproduto da produção de etanol que possui uma composição rica em nutrientes como o potássio. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características agronômicas e produtivas de cultivares de tomate cereja sob aplicação de níveis de potássio fornecidos via vinhaça e adubação mineral. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5x2, sendo 5 níveis de vinhaça: N1 – 100% vinhaça; N2 - 80% vinhaça + 20% da adubação potássica via mineral; N3 - 60% vinhaça + 40% da adubação potássica via mineral; N4 - 40% vinhaça + 60% da adubação potássica via mineral; N5 - 20% vinhaça + 80% da adubação potássica via mineral, e os demais nutrientes foram fornecidos pela vinhaça + adubação mineral e 2 de cultivares de tomate cereja (Carolina e Isla-Pró) com 4 blocos totalizando 40 parcelas. Para análise estatística empregou-se regressão e teste de Tukey a 1 e 5% de significância. A variedade Isla Pró apresentou altura de plantas e diâmetro transversal de frutos de tomate cereja superiores. Já a variedade Carolina foi a que apresentou maior número de flores, cachos e frutos bem como, maior teor de sólidos solúveis totais, independentemente do nível de potássio fornecido via vinhaça. Níveis mais elevados de potássio fornecidos pela vinhaça promoveram maior valor no diâmetro transversal dos frutos e teor de sólidos solúveis totais.