Compared with many parts of the world, there has been little research in Pacific Island nations into the effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on adult health. This is a significant gap for local evidence-based child protection. We describe findings from a survey of 400 men aged 18 to 70 years recruited from randomly sampled households in Honiara city, Solomon Islands. Most men reported multiple adversities during childhood (80.7% 3 or more; 46% 5 or more), such as exposure to community and domestic violence, bullying, physical maltreatment, and sexual abuse. Men with multiple ACEs had significantly lower well-being and more psychological distress, recent stressful life events, and health risk behaviors. This study reports the first observation that betel quid chewing increased as a function of multiple ACEs. In comparison with recent East Asian studies, the Solomon Islands data suggest that the collective geographic category of "Asia-Pacific" masks significant intraregional differences in childhood adversities.

This study adds the first data on symptoms of sexual dysfunction among men in the Solomon Islands and is one of few studies from the Pacific region. The findings strongly suggest the need for comprehensive health services that are gender-specific and sensitive to the sexual difficulties of Islander men.

Background: Despite growing interest in the prevention of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) globally and in the Asia-Pacific region, population-based evidence is limited in the smaller Pacific Island countries such as in the Solomon Islands. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and describe the risk factors associated with moderate to severe LUTS among Solomon Islander men. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 400 men aged ⩾18 years living in Honiara, Solomon Islands. LUTS were assessed using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). The association between moderate to severe LUTS and sociodemographic, health conditions and health-related factors were estimated using logistic regression adjusted for age. Results: Overall, 13.8% reported moderate LUTS, and 0.8% reported severe LUTS. Frequent night-time urination was the most commonly reported LUTS. The adjusted odds of moderate to severe LUTS decreased with increasing level of education. The odds increased among men reporting elevated psychological distress, increased stressful events in the past 12 months and depression. Conclusions: About one in six Solomon Islander men experience moderate to severe LUTS, having a negative impact on their mental health and general well-being.

Objectives: This study was carried out to develop a suitable oral health promotion program to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice among patients visiting the Mataniko Dental Clinic (MDC), Honiara City. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1050 patients aged 18–45 who attended MDC, Honiara City, from July 2021 to September 2021. A 26-item questionnaire was used to evaluate their oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice. The questionnaire includes patient’s demographic information, knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral practice. Results: Oral health-related knowledge among the study participants was high. However, only 1 in 5 (24%) never visited a dentist. More than half (58%) of the participants visited the dental clinic because of toothache. Over 2 in 3 (63%) participants received professional advice. Four in 5 (83%) participants had toothpaste; however, only 33% brushed their teeth twice a day. Interestingly, more than half (58%) of the participants were unsure of the toothpaste used to brush their teeth. Conclusion: While the level of knowledge was high, this was not translated into their dental healthcare attitude and practice. Therefore, an oral health promotion program is needed to motivate and promote the importance of dental health and the participant’s well-being.