Nonbiodegradability and land pollution are the prime factor for choosing biodegradable composite over thermoplastic based composite. As most of the synthetic polymers are nonbiodegradable in nature, hence, their derived composites are losing interest in composite market. In this work, we developed jute fortified bio‐composite utilizing soy milk as the framework material and glutaraldehyde as cross linking component. Mechanical strength of the composites was measured through elasticity (tensile) and transverse rupture (flexural) strength. Characterization of optimized composites by FTIR and FE‐SEM were carried out. Microbial culture system and soil burry methods were used to study biodegradation of the developed composites. Effect of different environmental condition on degradation of composites was evaluated and reported. The most worthwhile significance of these composites is the biodegradation property of its constituents, and can be a superior swap for nonbiodegradable polymer resin based fiber composite. The feasible utilization of this composite is in automobile division, indoor furnishings, cutlery, packaging units, electronic sectors, and so on.
Allelopathic impacts of Mikania micrantha Kunth were investigated on the rate of seed germination, growth, biomass, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble protein, phenolics and proline content of Macrotylama uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc. The extracts inhibited germination, growth, biomass, chlorophyll, carotenoid and protein contents. The protein content of M. uniflorum decreased to 8.48 mg/g at 200 mg/ml. Similarly shoot length, root length also decreased up to 5.11 cm, 0.85 cm respectively and water content increased with increasing concentration of weed extracts. The leaf extracts resulted in an increase in the phenolics (19.66 mg) and proline (24.49 mg) content of the crop plant. The aqueous extracts of leaves caused detrimental impact on growth and physiology of the crop plant and this might be due to release of secondary metabolites. This present investigation may further lead to identification of certain secondary metabolites or allelo-chemicals for agricultural application and might enhance the level of crop protection against several other harmful plant species.
Mangroves are abundant in bioactive natural substances that fight off pathogenic diseases. Different parts of R. apiculata, an abundant mangrove found in Bhitarkanika National Park, India were extracted with methanol and a mixture of solvents methanol/ethanol/chloroform (60 : 20 : 20) to evaluate their antimicrobial properties. The combination solvent extract of bark had the highest zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 18.62 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a ZOI of 17.41 mm against Streptococcus mitis. Bark extracts had the highest DPPH (43 %) and FRAP (96 %) activities. The combination solvent bark extract of R. apiculata had the highest ZOI of 20.42 mm (lowest MIC of 2.12 μg/ml) against Candida albicans and ZOI of 15.33 mm (MIC of 3.02 μg/mL) against Penicillium chrysogenum. Combination bark extracts of R. apiculata contained flavanols than methanolic extracts. The crude extract of R. apiculata bark made with a mixture of solvents containing more active ingredients could be used in novel drug formulation.
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