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Nanoclay modified bio resin-based jute composites were prepared by thermopressing method to examine the effect of nanoclay on physical, mechanical, and biodegradation properties of jute-soy composite. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of composite was carried out to study the chemical interactions between jute-soy-nanoclay, whereas, x-ray diffractogram and transmission electron microscopic analysis revealed the formation of nanostructure at the composite interface. With 5 wt.% of clay contents, the tensile strength of the composite was 59.2 MPa, which is 65.4% higher than that of the clay-free jute-soy composite. The developed composite is thermally stable up to 280 C and increased in weight by only 41.66% after 24-h water immersion. Inclusion of 5 wt.% nanoclay enhanced storage modulus of nanocomposite from 1170 to 4136 MPa. Evaluation of degradability of composites under compost condition in terms of weight and tensile loss indicated that clay reinforced composites are more durable than jute-soy composite. Overall, a biodegradable composite material was developed which may be applied as nondegradable plastic alternate in packaging, railway coach, decorating materials, furniture, transport, and construction sector.

Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is improved as a soy resin system when aldehyde-based curing agent is used for crosslinking. In this work, composites were prepared by reinforcing sodium hydroxide treated jute felts with CNSL modified soy resin and characterized in terms of water resistance, mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties and screw drilling properties. Addition of 4 wt% CNSL in soy resin increased water resistance of the composite by 10% whereas tensile properties of composite improved by about 40%. Maximum storage modulus of CNSL based composite was found 8412 MPa as compared to 1092 MPa of jute-soy composite without CNSL. Composites were exposed to accelerated weather and checked for dimensional stability, change in weight and mechanical properties. These composites could find wide applications in railway and automobile interiors, furniture, toysand so forth.

Ternary composites based on functionalized BN, a carbonaceous material, and PANI are developed for real-time asymmetric supercapacitor application.

Poly(m aminophenol) was synthesized chemically from m aminophenol in aqueous hydrochloric acid using ammonium persulfate as an oxidizing agent. To get processable poly(m aminophenol) the poly merization condition was optimized by varying HCl concentration and temperature. The synthesized poly mers at lower HCl concentration were insoluble in organic solvents, but synthesized polymers at higher acid concentration were found to be soluble in aqueous sodium hydroxide, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfox ide. The polymers were characterized by ultraviolet visible, proton magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. X ray diffraction analysis and elemental analysis of the synthesized polymers were also performed. DC electrical conductivity of the acid doped polymers was measured by Four probe method. The spectral evidences clearly indicated that the ladder structure was formed in lower aqueous HCl concentration while open ring keto derivative of polyaniline was formed at higher HCl concentration. The polymer with open ring structure was better processabe and higher conductive in doped state than that of the other one. Dif ference of their properties like solubility, conductivity of the polymers synthesized at different condition was due to their structural difference.

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Jute‐reinforced, soy milk‐based nano‐biocomposites were fabricated using both natural and organically modified nanoclay to study their effect on physical, mechanical, and degradation properties. Different weight percentages of nanoclays were used to modify soy milk by solution casting process. The jute fibers were then impregnated in modified soy resin and compressed to fabricate nano‐biocomposites. About 5 wt% of organically modified nanoclay‐loaded jute composite showed maximum tensile and flexural strength. X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of fabricated composites confirmed about the formation of nanostructure. Impact, microhardness, dynamic mechanical analysis results of nano‐biocomposites revealed that nanoclay has influenced to improve such physical and mechanical properties. Microbial degradation study of nano‐biocomposites was carried out in cultured fungal bed. Weight loss, tensile loss, and field emission scanning electron microscopy photographs of composites revealed that composites are biodegradable in nature. The prime advantages of these composite are their eco‐compatibility as jute and soy resin, the basic constituents of composites are biodegradable in nature. These composites can be utilized in automobile, packaging, furniture sectors by replacing nondegradable plastic‐based composite. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:345–354, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers