The lower homocysteine, folic acid and B 12 values may be considered as the consequence of an increased cystathionine-beta-synthase activity ("atheroma free model"). There was no significant alteration in antioxidant activity level. It can be supposed that the hydrogene peroxide produced due to increased expression of superoxide dismutase is metabolized by the induced glutathione-peroxidase and catalase keeping by this the balance of the antioxidant system. This hypothesis is supported by the normal N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase values not indicating any vascular damage. The high S100 values, however, reflect certain brain damage which shows a progress with the age. Based on these experiences, regular control of these parameters is recommended. Furthermore authors think that folic acid supplementation is indicated in order to improve the patients' learning capacity, inhibit the development of Alzheimer symptoms and improve the quality of life.
BACKGROUND: Maintenance of cell viability during cold storage is a key issue in organ transplantation. Methane (CH 4) bioactivity has recently been recognized in ischemia/reperfusion conditions; we therefore hypothesized that cold storage in CH 4-enriched preservation solution can provide an increased defense against organ dysfunction during experimental heart transplantation (HTX). METHODS: The hearts of donor Lewis rats were stored for 60 minutes in cold histidine-tryptophanketoglutarate (Custodiol [CS]) or CH 4-saturated CS solution (CS-CH 4) (n = 12 each). Standard heterotopic HTX was performed, and 60 minutes later, the left ventricular (LV) pressure-volume relationships LV systolic pressure (LVSP), systolic pressure increment (dP/dtmax), diastolic pressure decrement, and coronary blood flow (CBF) were measured. Tissue samples were taken to detect proinflammatory parameters, structural damage (by light microscopy), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and apoptosis markers (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein [C/EBP] homologous protein, GRP78, glycogen synthase kinase-3b, very low-density lipoprotein receptor, caspase 3 and 9, B-cell lymphoma 2, and bcl-2-like protein 4), whereas mitochondrial functional changes were analyzed by high-resolution respirometry. RESULTS: LVSP and dP/dtmax increased significantly at the largest pre-load volumes in CS-CH 4 grafts as compared with the CS group (114.5 § 16.6 mm Hg vs 82.8 § 4.6 mm Hg and 3,133 § 430 mm Hg/ s vs 1,739 § 169 mm Hg/s, respectively); the diastolic function and CBF (2.4 § 0.4 ml/min/g vs 1.3 § 0.3 ml/min/g) also improved. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capacity was more preserved (58.5 § 9.4 pmol/s/ml vs 27.7 § 6.6 pmol/s/ml), and cytochrome c release was reduced in CS-CH 4 storage. Signs of HTX-caused myocardial damage, level of ER stress, and the transcription of proapoptotic proteins were significantly lower in CS-CH 4 grafts.
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