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OCT can play an important role in the diagnosis and measurement of eccentric fixation in eyes with microtropia, providing high sensitivity. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2018;55(3):171-177.].

Inter-simple sequence repeats markers were used to determinate the genetic variability of Fasciola hepatica populations recovered from sheep and cattle from Spain (Sp1, Sp2, Sp3 and Sp4), UK (Eng), Ireland (Ir) and Mexico (Mex). Twenty five primers were tested but only five produced 39 reproducible bands, being 71.79% polymorphic bands. This percentage ranged from 10.26% in Sp4 to 48.72% in Sp1, and per host between 28.21 and 48.72% in sheep and between 10.26 and 38.46% in cattle. This relatively low range of genetic diversity within populations, with a mean of 34.40%, implies that a large proportion of variation resided among populations. The population differentiation (Gst = 0.547) indicated that 54.7% of variation is due to differences between populations and 45.3% due to differences within population. The Nei's distance ranged between 0.091 and 0.230 in sheep and between 0.150 and 0.337 in cattle. The genetic relationships between populations and individuals were shown by a UPGMA dendrogram and a principal coordinate analysis; both grouped all populations separately from Sp4, a population of from the Midwest of Spain with the lowest level of diversity. Small genetic distances were observed between Eng and Ir, on the one hand, and Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, from the Northwest of Spain, together with Mex, on the other.

Just energy transitions have re-emerged from their unionist roots to gain increasing momentum politically and scholarly, especially driven by the SDGs. In the movement from unionism to mainstream debate, the notion has acquired diverse nuances that determine its normative scope. Four major approaches have been theoretically proposed to classify views currently: statu quo, managerial, structural, and transformative. Implicitly, these approaches observe two dimensions: individualism versus collectivism, and green growth versus post-growth. Although this classification has been useful to study the positions of groups of individuals in international organisations, NGOs, and activist movements, this paper suggests testing if it remains operative in contrast with individuals’ attitudes and perceptions. Through basic statistics, clustering algorithms, and correspondence analysis applied to the most recent version of the European Social Survey (2020-2022), this contribution finds three key insights. First, although the empirical four-group classification resembles some of the theoretical traits, it does not fit the approaches. The individualism versus collectivism dimension is operational, but the environmental dimension is difficult to determine. Second, empirically, twenty-three optimal groups exist. Three groups congregate more than 90% of respondents. The remaining marginal but optimal groups point to the relevance of observing isolated profiles in the study and political planning of just energy transitions. Finally, human values show greater explanatory capacity than sociodemographic and political variables.

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León ha experimentado los impactos socioeconómicos negativos del declive de las explotaciones mineras y de la generación eléctrica basada en el carbón sin posibilidad de recurrir a actividades alternativas adecuadas e inmediatas, a pesar de su potencial estratégico energético, tecnológico y productivo para la región. Estos eventos concurren e interactúan con la creciente polarización del territorio, la pérdida de población y la desaparición de tejido empresarial. Ante esta situación, la necesidad de una transición energética justa en León ha congregado un importante apoyo social y político. Sin embargo, la consecución de esta justicia es más una modesta intención que una concreción cercana. Esta comunicación presenta el marco conceptual, político-normativo y socioeconómico de las transiciones energéticas justas en León. A continuación, explora los procesos de participación pública y los resultantes Convenios de transición justa promovidos por el MITECO en la provincia (Montaña Central-La Robla y Bierzo-Laciana con sus áreas prioritarias de Fabero-Sil, Bierzo Alto, Laciana-Alto Sil y Cubillos del Sil-Ponferrada) e identifica las limitaciones críticas de su diseño y ejecución, agravadas por la Covid-19. Finalmente, determina las implicaciones socioeconómicas, tanto finales como procedimentales, a nivel local y regional, de las actuales propuestas de transición energética justa.

La energía nuclear es considerada una fuente energética útil y problemática al mismo tiempo. Su utilización ofrece ventajas e inconvenientes que deben ser analizados para comprender el dilema económico, político y social al que se enfrenta una sociedad cuando toma la decisión de configurar su perfil energético. El análisis se plantea desde una perspectiva hispano-sueca, en tanto que España y Suecia son dos ejemplos de las respuestas que una sociedad puede dar ante el mencionado dilema nuclear.