Resumen. La música está presente en todas las culturas y, desde edades tempranas, todas las personas tenemos las capacidades básicas para su procesamiento, el cual está organizado en módulos diferenciados que implican distintas regiones cerebrales. ¿Forman estas regiones rutas específicas del procesamiento musical? Como veremos, la producción y percepción musical implican gran parte de nuestras capacidades cognitivas, involucrando áreas del córtex auditivo y del córtex motor. Por otro lado, la música produce en nosotros respuestas emocionales que involucran distintas áreas corticales y subcorticales. ¿Se trata de las mismas rutas implicadas en el procesamiento de las emociones en general? Revisamos la bibliografía existente sobre estas cuestiones, así como las diferentes alteraciones neurológicas musicales que existen, desde la epilepsia musicogénica hasta la amusia, así como las diferentes posibilidades de tratamiento. Palabras clave. Alucinación musical. Amusia. Distonía del músico. Emoción. Interacción auditivomotora. Memoria musical.
Are intelligence and executive functions the same thing? Introduction. With the growth of cognitive science, the study of the cognitive components involved in solving tests to assess intelligence become especially significant. From this perspective, the g factor is conceived as the representative of the operation of high-level cognitive processes that control the computational programmes of the brain. Different names have been used to denominate the cognitive processes that underlie the g factor: control processes, executive functioning, executive control or executive functions. Development. We review the relationship between intelligence, on the one hand, and working memory and the executive functions construct, on the other. Furthermore, the article also reviews the relationship between intelligence and the prefrontal cortex, as its possible neuroanatomical substrate. Conclusions. The studies that were surveyed offer different answers to the question of whether intelligence and the executive functions are one and the same thing, the most widely accepted hypothesis being the one that sees intelligence and the executive functions as overlapping in some aspects but not in others.
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