Field experiment was conducted for two consecutive seasons during November to April 2013-14 and 2014-15 in the Division of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair to study the effect of plant growth regulators on gladiolus [Gladiolus grandiflorus Hort.] cv. Punjab Dawn. The results obtained showed that the growth, flowering and corm characters were significantly influenced by the application of growth regulators at different concentrations. Earliness in corm sprouting was observed by GA3 @ 250 ppm (8.7 days). Maximum number of leaves/plant and plant height were recorded in GA3 @ 750 ppm (9.6 and 93.6cm respectively). More number of shoots/corm was observed in the treatment BA @ 75 ppm (4.0). With respect to flower characters, early spike emergence and maximum duration of the spike were recorded by GA3 @ 500 ppm (46.7 days and 16.2 days respectively). Maximum spike length, rachis length, number of florets/spike and floret size (74 cm, 50.2 cm, 14.3 and 11.4 cm respectively) were recorded by GA3 @ 750 ppm. With regard to post harvest studies, maximum longevity of opened floret and vase life of cut spike (3.9 days and 14.2 days respectively) were recorded by GA3 @ 750 ppm .With regard to the corm characters, maximum number of corms and cormels/plant were observed in BA @ 100 ppm (3.7 and 11.8 respectively). Weight of single corm, weight of corms/plant, size of single corm, volume of single corm and propagation coefficient were also maximum in GA3 @ 750 ppm (70.9 g, 169.3 g, 7.0 cm, 79.5 cm3 and 348.3% respectively).
Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis was used to study the genetic diversity of Piper spp. with its relative genus Peperomia pellucida. Among the 38 ISSR primers used, 10 primers generated 1083 bands, of which seven (80.8%) were polymorphic. The maximum polymorphism were obtained from the primers UBC 881, UBC 889, UBC 848 and UBC 830. Cluster analysis grouped the species studied into two major clusters. One cluster comprised the different accessions of Piper nigrum and is distinct from the other species of Piperaceae. The other cluster grouped the four species of Piperaceae namely Piper longum, Piper sarmentosum, Piper betle and Peperomia pellucida. The variability studies also revealed that the ISSR marker could group the accessions within the same species based on their similar geographical origin. Assessment of genetic diversity among the different species of the family Piperaceae through ISSR marker would help in rapid identification of polymorphism, assist in future germplasm collection, conservation and domestication programmes.
Complete floral and faunal information is required to preserve the biodiversity of research fields and adjacent forest. In this respect, a preliminary study of butterfly diversity of the proposed research farm and adjacent forest area in Bloomsdale Research Farm, South Andaman was carried out during 2011-12. A total of 40 species of butterflies belonging to 35 genera of five families were recorded. The distribution of 40 species of butterflies in different families was found in the sequence of Nymphalidae followed by Lycaenidae, Pieridae, Papilionidae and Hesperiidae.
Asplenium nidus L. is one of the most important terrestrial fern in Andaman and Nicobar Islands with great ornamental value. Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis was used to study the genetic diversity of the species A. nidus L. collected from different geographical locations of the Island. Among 15 ISSR primers screened, 9 primers produced amplification and produced a total of 222 reproducible amplified bands. The number of amplified bands varied from 10 in ISSR 11 to 44 in UBC 842 with an average of 24.7 bands per primer. The range of polymorphic bands and percent polymorphism observed were 1 to 5 and 33.3 to 83.3, respectively. The polymorphic information content value of ISSR marker ranged from 0.365 to 0.485. Cluster analysis grouped the twelve accessions into three clusters (Cluster I, II and III) at Jaccard’s similarity coefficient value of 0.69 on basis of geographical locations of the accessions. The cluster I was further divided into two sub-clusters Ia and Ib at the coefficient value of 0.77 and it includes the accessions belonging to South Andaman, one each accession collected from two different locations, Little Andaman and Rangat (Middle Andaman) were grouped separately as clusters II and III, respectively. The genetic variability studies with ISSR marker grouped the accessions of A. nidus L.on basis of their geographical locations and it would help in rapid identification of polymorphism and assist in germplasm collection, conservation and domestication programmes.
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