The energy demand of the whole world is dominated by petroleum products for centuries in the field of critical application like electricity. The application of mineral oil in power system equipment like transformer is potentially hazardous to environment. The exploitation of petroleum oil is running out of demand and in the near future, oil scarcity exists. This work focuses in identifying alternate dielectric for replacing traditional mineral oil. India is a tropical country, which produces vegetable oils like sunflower oil, palm oil, coconut oil, mustard oil, corn oil, soybean oil and rice bran oil profusely and it can be used as dielectric fluids in transformer. To be more proficient in the operation of transformer, these vegetable oils should be converted in to superior dielectric fluids. This work also embraces the individual and combinatorial effect of selected natural and synthetic antioxidants in natural ester. For investigation sunflower oil, rice bran oil, soybean oil and corn oil are chosen. The critical parameters like breakdown voltage, viscosity, flash point and fire point are calculated according to IEC and ASTM standards before and after addition of antioxidants with vegetable oils. Astoundingly it is found that the use of natural and synthetic antioxidants can enhance the critical parameters of natural ester for transformer application and the antioxidant activity in the natural ester is discussed. The interpolation functions are calculated based on the results obtained in minimum and maximum concentration of antioxidant added. These functions are used to predict the intermediate output variations caused for each antioxidant concentrations (in gram).
Traditionally, mineral oil is used as insulating fluids in transformers. The environmental impact of these mineral oils is often characterized in past centuries. In order to overcome the above facts, Vegetable oil is used as alternative source for mineral oil. Vegetable oil has higher biodegradability and it is treated as more environmental friendly fluids. In this work, the refined natural esters like Sunflower oil, Rice bran oil and Corn oil are chosen and mixed in various proportions. The critical parameters like Breakdown Voltage, Flash Point, Fire Point and Viscosity are determined for these mixed insulating fluids as per ASTM standards. These results in higher Breakdown voltage values compared to other samples.
Keywords-Mixed insulating fluids; breakdown voltage; flash point; fire point and viscosityI.
This research investigates the dielectric performance of Natural Ester (NE) using the Partial Differential Equation (PDE) tool and analyzes dielectric performance using fuzzy logic. NE nowadays is found to replace Mineral Oil (MO) due to its extensive dielectric properties. Here, the heat-tolerant Natural Esters Olive oil (NE1), Sunflower oil (NE2), and Ricebran oil (NE3) are subjected to High Voltage AC (HVAC) under different electrodes configurations. The breakdown voltage and leakage current of NE1, NE2, and NE3 under Point-Point (P-P), Sphere-Sphere (S-S), Plane-Plane (PL-PL), and Rod-Rod (R-R) are measured, and survival probability is presented. The electric field distribution is analyzed using the Partial Differential Equation (PDE) tool. NE shows better HVAC with stand capacity under all the electrodes configuration, especially in the S-S shape geometry. The exponential function is developed for the oils under different electrode geometry; NE shows a higher survival probability. Likewise, the most influential dielectric properties such as breakdown voltage, kinematic viscosity, and water content are used to develop a Mamdani-based control system model that combines two variables to produce the surface model. The surface model indicates that the NE subjected for investigation is less susceptible to moisture effect and higher kinematic viscosity. Based on the surface models of PDE and fuzzy, it is concluded that NE possesses a high survival rate since its breakdown voltage does not react to changes in water content. Hence the application of NE in the transformer application is highly safe and possesses extended life.
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