Background:
Plantago
commonly called as
Isabgol
(
Plantago ovata
Forssk.) is a perennial herb that belongs to the family
Plantaginaceae
. A range of biological activities has been found from plant extracts, including wound healing activity, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, weak antibiotic, immunomodulating and anti-ulcerogenic activity. Periodontal disease is a complex condition as a result of interaction between microorganisms and host inflammatory mediators. Hence, the extract of
Isabgol
is tested for its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties against periodontal disease.
Aim:
The aim of this
in vitro
study is to evaluate the antibacterial property of
Isabgol
leaves and seeds against periodontal pathogens, namely
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
,
Porphyromonas gingivalis
,
Prevotella intermedia
, and
Fusobacterium nucleatum
and anti-inflammatory property against matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9.
Materials and Methods:
In this
in vitro
study, aqueous extract of
Isabgol
is tested for its antibacterial property against the stock cultures of specified periodontal pathogens using the tube dilution method and anti-inflammatory property against MMP-2 and MMP-9 using zymogen gel electrography.
Results:
Minimum concentration at which the sensitivity of
A
.
actinomycetemcomitans
,
P
.
gingivalis
,
P
.
intermedia
, and
F
.
nucleatum
for the extract observed was 50 μl/ml, 0.8 μl/ml, 0.4 μl/ml and 12.5 μl/ml, respectively, concentrations below these showed no effect on the microorganisms. Zymogen electrographic test for anti-inflammatory activity showed percentage inhibition of 30% and 40% against MMP-2 and MMP-9, respectively.
Conclusion:
Isabgol
is effective against the periodontal pathogens and inflammatory mediators which are responsible for periodontal disease.
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