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Background: Groundnut is a crop with puzzling nature of maturity. The ability to determine the correct data of harvest in groundnut is strongly affecting factor of the economic return from the crop. Among the different methodologies suggested for calculating the maturity index in groundnut, those which could be used at field level and with ease includes: shell out method, seed hull ratio maturity index, hull scrape method and maturity profile board (MPB) method. The present study was taken up to evaluate the efficiency of these methods in determining the maturity duration.Methods: The maturity indices were calculated in the varieties CO 7, ICGV 07222, VRI 6, VRI 8, GPBD 4, VRI 3, Chico, Gangapuri, ICGV 91114 and ICGV 93468 cultivated during 2018-19, at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. Result: In shell out and hull scrape method maturity indices ranging from 70-80% and in Seed hull ratio maturity index the range 2.9-3.6 revealed the highest number of matured pods with maximum weight. The correlation study results showed highest efficacy of hull scrape method in predicting the correct date of harvest in groundnut. The method establishes that the colour of mesocarp exactly reveals maturity status of groundnut pods. Thus, maturity index in groundnut is more reliable when calculated by hull scrape method. In case when the maturity index is below 70% the pods could be arranged on a maturity profile board (MPB) to determine the days until digging.

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The black gram genotype VBG 55 is a hybrid derivative of CO 4 x PDU 102. It matures in 75-80 days. It has recorded an average seed yield of 782, 737 and 793 kg/ha during kharif, rabi and summer seasons respectively. It is an increased seed yield of 52.4, 67.8, 73.8 per cent over Vamban 1, 50.5, 34.3, 45.7 per cent over Vamban 2, 19.3, 20.2, 21.2 over Vamban 3, 78.6, 27.1, 43.8 over CO 5 and 31.4, 28.5, 28.7 over ADT 5 during kharif, rabi and summer seasons respectively. The culture VBG 55 has resistance to yellow mosaic virus disease and moderate resistance to powdery mildew. It is suited for sowing in all seasons and all districts of Tamil Nadu. Hence, the culture VBG 55 was accepted by State Variety Release Committee as VBN (Bg) 4 blackgram for commercial cultivation in Tamil Nadu during 2003.