A close association between brain metal dishomeostasis and the onset and/or progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been clearly established in a number of studies, although the underlying biochemical mechanisms remain obscure. This observation renders chelation therapy an attractive pharmacological option for the treatment of this disease. However, a number of requirements must be fulfilled in order to adapt chelation therapy to AD so that the term "metal targeted strategies" seems now more appropriate. Indeed, brain metal redistribution rather than brain metal scavenging and removal is the major goal of this type of intervention. The most recent developments in metal targeted strategies for AD will be discussed using, as useful examples, clioquinol, curcumin, and epigallocatechin, and the future perspectives will also be outlined.

No abstract

A total of 225 male broiler chicks (Cobb strain) of day-old age were procured for the study. The chicks were randomly divided into 15 groups consisting of 15 chicks in each group. Group 1 was maintained as basal diet control and group 2 on chlorpyrifos (CPS) at 100 ppm in feed throughout 6 wk as iron toxic control without any treatment. Groups 3-15 were maintained on CPS at 100 ppm in feed for the 4 wk (28 days) of study and thereafter administered with different herbs and their combinations for remaining 2 wk. The blood samples were drawn from wing vein on 28th day and 42nd day from the birds in each group for the estimation of lipid and protein profiles. The birds were sacrificed at the end of 6th week and liver tissues were collected for histological examination. The concentrations of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, albumin and globulins and the A/G ratio were increased significantly (P<;0.05) in toxic groups (2–15), while high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was significantly (P<;0.05) decreased at the end of 4th week. However, following supplementation of herbs and herbal combinations, the values of lipid and protein profile in groups 3–15 revived toward normal at the end of 6th week. Histopathology of liver in CPS toxic control (group 2) revealed areas of degeneration, while groups 3–15 that were treated with herbs and their combinations exhibited these changes in a milder form, indicating regenerative alterations. The study revealed that chorpyrifos-induced changes in lipid and protein profile were improved by supplementation of certain herbs.

No abstract

No abstract

Background: Jasminum grandiflorum is a medical plant widely used in Ayurvedic herbal medicines in India. This plant is host to very novel medicinal potential molecules such as iridoids. Flavonoids and other small molecules are also elaborated by this plant. The present study was aimed to understand the computational inhibition of phytochemicals of Jasminum grandiflorum against anti-inflammatory molecular targets. Methods: The iridoids, flavonoids and all small molecules of Jasminum grandiflorum were categorized and subjected to molecular docking using Glide (Schrödinger Software suite) to assess the in silico anti-inflammatory potential of the compounds with molecular targets like COX1, COX2 and Prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES-1). Results: Among the tested compounds, the iridoids namely 10-hydroxy- ligstroside and 8-dehydroxy shanzhiside, the flavonoid butin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and small molecules oleacein and 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol are predicted to exhibit  high anti-inflammatory properties due to their low binding energy and high docking score. The bioactive compounds of Jasminum grandiflorum have good binding interaction with targeted protein.

High-performance lightweight materials give rise to a demand for magnesium-based composites. Magnesium metal matrix composites have found extensive applications in the aerospace and automotive industries due to their remarkable mechanical properties. Limitations in dispersion, strength, and interface strength of magnesium-based composites are seen through the addition of some hybrid reinforcements and different fabrication techniques. In this regard, previous studies have demonstrated the ability of various reinforcements such as graphene, carbon nano tubes, silicon carbide, and titanium carbide to a magnesium matrix for the enhancement of its metallurgical properties. There are still several challenges in the development of magnesium metal matrix composites, such as non-homogeneous distribution, poor creep resistance at elevated temperatures, limited cold work ability, and low corrosion resistance. The challenges that need to be overcome and suggestion for improving the wear resistance and frictional properties of magnesium metal matrix composites were studied and discussed. This review evaluates the importance of different reinforcement percentages as well as the development of magnesium metal matrix composites. The different types of fabrication techniques that are well suited to overcome the challenges of poor dispersing, non-homogeneous distribution, interfacial problems, and poor wettability are discussed. Microstructure analysis, the agglomerating effect, and matrix bonding strength are also discussed. The challenges and future scope of research are discussed for the demonstration of the importance of more scientific studies in magnesium metal matrix composites.

No abstract