Platelet count, C-reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophile countings are markers those reflect the inflammatory response. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a simple indicator of platelet size and has been known to be a marker of platelet activity. Some platelet markers, including MPV, have been investigated to have relation with inflammation. MPV is inversely correlated with inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis, as shown in the previous studies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the levels of MPV in patients with synovitis of knee osteoarthritis. 147 patients diagnosed with synovitis associated to osteoarthritis, 191 patients with knee osteoarthritis, and 121 patients between the same age range who did not have joint complaints (control group), totally 459 participants were included to our study. MPV results of these groups were compared. We found a significant difference between the patient group with synovitis associated with osteoarthritis of knee and patients with knee osteoarthritis in MPV blood level (p < 0.0001), similarly a significant difference was found between the patient group with synovitis associated with osteoarthritis of knee and the control group (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference between the knee osteoarthritis patient group and the control group (p = 0.78). We found a significant relation between MPV and ESR in the patient group with synovitis of osteoarthritis (p = 0.004). According to the Pearson correlation, it is found that there is a negative relationship between CRP and MPV variables in those of knee osteoarthritis patients. This correlation coefficient is statistically significant at the 10% level (p = 0.058). We could not find a relation between CRP and MPV in patients with the osteoarthritis group, but we found negative correlation (p = 0.65). Significant relationship was not found between ESR and MPV variables at the 10% level; the p value is 0.34. In the control group no correlation was found between CRP-MPV (p = 0.69) and ESR-MPV (p = 0.798). MPV levels may be beneficial in osteoarthritis with synovitis patients. MPV levels may be considered as a marker of inflammation but further comprehensive prospective trials are needed in osteoarthritis associated with synovitis patients.

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Objective: The effects of vitamin D on the central and peripheral nervous system continue to be investigated today. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate pain and electrophysiologic response in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) who have undergone replacement therapy due to vitamin D deficiency. Methods: Fifty female patients diagnosed with mild and moderate CTS and accompanied by vitamin D deficiency were included in this study. Nerve conduction study (NCS) was performed before and after vitamin D replacement, and the patient’s pain was evaluated with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: When NCS were compared before and after treatment, there was a statistically significant improvement in the median distal sensory onset latency (DSOL) and sensory conduction velocity (CV) and motor distal latencies (DML) values (p=0.001; p<0.001; p=0.001, respectively). At the same time, there was a decrease in the VAS values in patients (p<0.001). When the two groups were compared there was an improvement in DSOL and sensory CV in both groups, but in DML only in moderate CTS group. Conclusion: In this study, it was shown that mild and moderate CTS patients had an improvement in pain and electrophysiological parameters after vitamin D replacement. Replacing vitamin D in early stages of CTS may be beneficial.

In this study, we aimed to determine whether TLR-9 T-1486C SNP was associated with susceptibility to OA in the Turkish population. The study group comprised 272 patients with Grade 2-3-4 knee OA according to the Kellgren-Lawrence scoring system and the control group was formed of 296 individuals with Grade 0-1. The TLR-9 genotype were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. An analysis of TLR-9 promoter -1486T/C polymorphism revealed that the -1486CC genotype appeared to have a higher risk for OA and -1486TT and -1486CT genotypes have a protective effect against the development of OA (crude OR = 0.473, 95% CI = 0.297-0.754, p = 0.002, adjusted OR = 0.531, 95% CI = 0.326-0.864, p = 0.011). This study indicate that there is a correlation of TLR-9 T-1486C gene polymorphism with advanced knee OA in a Turkish population. Changed in TLR expression due to different allelles may cause osteoarthrith development outcome cartilage degeneration. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2484-2489, 2017.

The present findings demonstrated that CTS may be triggered by vitamin D deficiency, and that the severity of CTS was correlated with vitamin D levels in the deficiency group. Additionally, there was a correlation between weight gain and neuropathic pain intensity in CTS patients with vitamin D deficiency. The present findings indicate that vitamin D levels should be assessed in CTS patients.

The aim of the current study was to identify whether serum pentraxin 3 (PTX3) level could be a marker of increased inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Material and methods: The study included 41 patients diagnosed with RA according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1990 diagnostic criteria. We compared the serum PTX3 levels between RA patients and a healthy control group, the relationship between PTX3 level and disease activity was also examined. Results: A statistically significant difference was determined between the RA patients and controls as regards PTX3, platelets, C-reactive protein, and mean platelet volume results (p = 0.042, p = 0.007, p = 0.017, p < 0.001, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of PTX3 level between anti-CCP-positive and-negative patients (p = 0.368). No statistically significant difference was determined in respect of PTX3 levels between RA patients with different disease activity scores (p = 0.346). Conclusions: No relationship was determined between PTX3 and disease activity in RA patients, nor with traditional clinical and biochemical measurements of disease activity. However, the PTX3 levels of the RA patients were found to be high in comparison with the control group. Because, from these results, the role of PTX3 in the pathogenesis of RA cannot be ignored, there is a need for further studies to determine the potential role of PTX3 in RA pathogenesis.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition involving nerve entrapment that often leads to chronic neuropathic pain. We aimed to evaluate sleep quality and related parameters in diabetic and non-diabetic CTS patients. Method This study included a total of 366 patients with chronic CTS. These patients’ sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and depression using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The severity of neuropathic pain was evaluated using the Douleur Neuropathique-4 (DN4) questionnaire and a visual analogue scale (VAS). Results In the non-diabetic patient group, the total PSQI score was found to affect BDI and VAS, while in the diabetic patient group, the duration of symptoms affected VAS, BDI and fasting glucose levels. Conclusion For diabetic patients, hyperglycemia depression and chronification of neuropathic pain may lead to deterioration of sleep quality. Therefore, consideration of these parameters in the treatment may break a vicious cycle.

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the mean platelet voulme (MPV) levels of trauma patients who were admitted to our emergency department. Of the total 232 trauma patients, 40 females and 192 males over the age of 18 years were included in this study. Of them, 102 patients were mild trauma [Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 15-13)], 40 patients were moderate (GCS 12-9) and 90 patients were severe trauma (GCS 8-3) patients. We also calculated the Revised Trauma Score (RTS) of the patients. MPV levels were evaluated with GCS and RTS values. The control group was constituted of 100 healthy adults. Mean initial MPV value of GCS 15-13 patients was 8.25 fL, 8.25 fL in GCS 12-9 patients and 8.47 fL, in GCS 8-3 patients. Trauma severity was significantly related with initial MPV (iMPV) levels (p<0.05), initial Hb (iHb) levels (p<0.05), initial white blood count (iWBC) (p<0.05) and initial platelet (iPlt) levels (p<0.05). Severity of trauma was related with control MPV (kMPV) levels (p<0.05), control Hb (kHb) (p<0.05), control WBC (kWBC) (p<0.05), control Plt (kPlt) levels (p<0.05). MPV levels (p<0.05), Hb levels (p<0.05), WBC levels (p<0.05), Plt levels (p<0.05) were significantly different between trauma group and healthy group. IMPV and control kMPV levels were not related (p=0.149). But kHb - iHb levels (p<0.05), kWBC - iWBC levels (p<0.05), kPlt - iPlt levels (p<0.05), kGCS - iiGCS (p<0.05) were related to each other. We found a correlation between iMPV and iWBC levels (p<0.05, r=-0.342). Similarly, there was a correlation between severity of trauma and iMPV level (p<0.05, r=-0.224). We determined a significant correlation between iMPV and iPlt levels (p<0.05, r=-0.246). There was not a correlation between kMPV and kWBC (p>0.05, r=0.124). kMPV and kPlt levels (p<0.05, r=-0.174) were correlated. RTS was statistically related with GCS (p<0.05). Similarly, RTS was related with iMPV (p<0.05), iWBC(p<0.05) and iPlt (p<0.05) values, but there was not a relation with iHb (p>0.05). We found correlations between iMPV- trauma severity (p<0.05, r=-0.224), iMPV - RTS (p<0.05, r=0.134), iMPV - iWBC (p<0.05 r=-0.342), iMPV - iPlt (p<0.05, r=-0.246). Control RTS (seventh day of hospitalization) values were not related to kMPV (p>0.05), kHB (p>0.05), kWBC (p>0.05) and kPlt(p>0.05). There was a correlation between kRTS and kMPV (p<0.05, r=-0.169). Similarly, kMPV - kHb (p<0.05, r=-0.141), kMPV - kPlt (p<0.05, r=-0.174) were correlated. KMPV and kPlt were not correlated (p<0.05, r=0.124). Initial RTS and seventh day RTS values were significantly different (p<0.05). MPV may be helpful for emergency physicians for predicting the severity of trauma.