Background: Alzheimer's disease has a destructive drawbacks on the patient and his/her entire family as this disease badly affects the behavior, cognition and abilities to do activities of daily living (ADL). The physical and mental benefits of exercise are widely known but seldom available to persons suffering from Alzheimer's disease. Objective: The aim of this study was to measure quality of life, systemic inflammation and psychological well-being response to aerobic exercises in Alzheimer's. Methods: Forty Alzheimer elderly subjects were enrolled in two groups; the first group received treadmill aerobic exercise, while the second group was considered as a control group and received no training intervention for two months. Assessment of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES),Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Profile of Mood States(POMS) and SF-36 health quality of life (SF-36 HRQL) were taken before and at the end of the study. Results: There was a 25.2%, 19.4%, 23.5%, 21.3%, 17.7% , 11.7%, 12.5% and 10.1 % reduction in mean values of TNF-α, IL-6, BDI, POMS, health transition SF-36 subscale, bodily pain SF-36 subscale, role functioning: emotional SF-36 subscale and mental health SF-36 subscale respectively in addition to 15.7%, 13.1%, 12.6%, 11.1%, 13.2% and 11.2 % increase in mean values of RSES, physical functioning SF-36 subscale, role functioning:physical SF-36 subscale, general health SF-36 subscale, Vitality SF-36 subscale and Social functioning SF-36 subscale respectively in group (A) received aerobic exercise training, so that there was a significant reduction in the mean values of TNF-α, IL-6, BDI & POMS and increase in the mean values of SF-36 HRQL subscale scores, RSES in group (A) as a result of aerobic exercise training, while the results of group (B) who received no training intervention were not significant. Also, there were significant differences between mean levels of the investigated parameters in group (A) and group (B) at the end of the study (P<0.05). Conclusion: Treadmill walking exercise training is an effective treatment policy to improve quality of life, systemic inflammation and psychological wellbeing in Alzheimer's.
Background: Weight loss studies were conducted in children without asthma have demonstrated a reduction in systemic inflammation. However, the impact of weight loss in the obese paediatric population with asthma has not been investigated. Objective: To measure the effects of weight loss on markers of systemic inflammation in obese children with bronchial asthma. Methods: Eighty obese children with bronchial asthma (42 boys, and 38 girls) with mean age 13.86± 3.21 years were divided into two equal groups. The training group received diet regimen, exercise training in addition to the medical treatment for two months, where the control group received the medical treatment only.Results: There was a 17.5% , 15.5% , 22.4% , 14.1% and 15.9% reduction in mean values of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), Leptin and body mass index (BMI) respectively and 38.7 % increase in mean values of adiponectin in the training group. While, there was a 0.7% , 9.0% , 2.8% , 1.6% and 1.2% increase in mean values of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, Leptin and BMI respectively and 3.9% decrease in mean values of adiponectin in the control group. The mean values of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-8, Leptin and BMI was decreased and adiponectin was increased significantly in the training group, however the results of the control group were not significant. Also, there were significant differences between both groups at the end of the study. Conclusion: Weight loss improves markers of systemic inflammation in obese Saudi children with bronchial asthma.
BackgroundSleep disturbance is a major problem for older adults which can be exacerbated by increased inflammation as aging is associated with increased circulating pro-inflammatory and lower anti-inflammatory cytokines. There is a need to develop alternative medicine techniques to help improve sleep quality in the elderly.ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of aerobic exercise training on the sleep quality and inflammatory cytokines in elderly subjects.Material and methodsForty previously sedentary elderly subjects participated in this study, their age ranged from 61- 67 years. All subjects were randomly assigned to supervised aerobic exercise intervention group (group A, n=25) or control group (group B, n=25). Polysomnographic recordings for sleep quality assessment, interleukin- 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured before and after 6 months at the end of the study.ResultsThere was a significant increase in total sleep duration, sleep efficiency and sleep onset latency in group(A) after 6 months of aerobic exercise training, while, wake time after sleep onset and rapid eye movement (REM) latency significantly reduced after 6 months of aerobic training compared with values obtained prior to aerobic exercise training. Also, the mean values of TNF- α and IL-6 decreased significantly and the mean value of IL-10 significantly increased in group (A) after the aerobic exercise training, however the results of the control group were not significant. Moreover, there were significant differences between both groups at the end of the study.ConclusionExercise training can be considered as a non-pharmacological modality for modifying sleep quality and inflammation among elderly.
Objective: The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing dramatically affecting up to 30% of the population worldwide. At present, treatment options are limited and pharmacological management of NAFLD has had disappointing results. Some of the best available evidence to improve NAFLD concerns lifestyle modification. Objective: To detect the degree of weight reduction needed to improve the markers of hepatic function and insulin resistance in type-2 diabetics with NAFLD. Methods: One hundred type-2 diabetic male patients with NAFLD were included into this study and divided into two equal groups. Group (A) received aerobic exercise training in addition to diet regimen. Group (B) received no treatment intervention.Results: There was a 26.99%, 40.8%, 33.81%, 32.73%, 37.8% and 15 % reduction in mean values of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Gamma -Glutamyltransferase (GGT) and Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance-index (HOMA-IR) and BMI respectively in group (A) at the end of the study. While there were significant differences between mean levels of the investigated parameters in group (A) and group (B) after treatment. Conclusion: About 15 % reduction in BMI is effective to improve the liver condition and insulin resistance in type-2 diabetics with NAFLD.
BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus is usually related to vascular problems and is associated with impairment in endothelial function characterized by impaired endothelial-dependent vasodilation and increased platelet adhesion. There is limitation in clinical studies that have addressed the beneficial effects of weight reduction in modulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and adipokines dysregulation for obesity associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.ObjectiveThis study was designed to detect the effects of weight loss on insulin resistance, adhesive molecules and adipokines dysregulation in obese type 2 diabetic patients.MethodsEighty obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, their age ranged from 35–55 years and their body mass index ranged from 31–37 kg/m2 were equally assigned into 2 groups: the weight reduction group received aerobic exercises in addition to diet regimen, where the control group received medical treatment only for 12 weeks.ResultsThere was a 24.04%, 19.33%, 22.78% ,12.28%, 9.35%, 22.53% & 10.12 % reduction in mean values of Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance Index (HOMA-IR), Leptin, Adiponectin, Resistin, intercellular cell adhesion molecule -1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin & body mass index (BMI) respectively in addition to 26.20% & 24.58% increase in the mean values of adiponectin & the quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) respectively in group (A) at the end of the study. The mean values of leptin, resistin, insulin, HOMA-IR, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin & BMI were significantly decreased in addition to significant increase in the mean values of adiponectin & QUICKI in group (A) those that received aerobic exercise training in addition to diet regimen. While the results of group (B) those that received no treatment intervention were not significant. In addition, there were significant differences between mean levels of the investigated parameters in group (A) and group (B) after treatment (P<0.05).ConclusionWithin the limit of this study, 10% reduction in body mass index modulates insulin resistance, adhesive molecules and adipokines dysregulation among obese type 2 diabetic patients.
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